Quantity
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Update: 12/13/02
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Scalar Intervals
#$ScalarInterval quantities
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$NTupleOfIntervals.
Each proper subcollection SCALAR of #$ScalarInterval
(with some exceptions, such as #$ScalarPointValue)
has the following two properties: 1) the collection of point
instances of SCALAR (i.e., those instances of SCALAR that
are _not_ proper intervals - see the collection #$ScalarPointValue)
is ordered by some `natural' linear ordering (i.e., some
`natural' relation that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and
transitive on the collection of point instances of SCALAR),
2) SCALAR is closed under addition (#$PlusFn), so
that the sum of any two instances of SCALAR will also be an
instance of SCALAR. Notable specializations of #$ScalarInterval
include #$Time-Quantity,
#$Integer, and
#$Distance.
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direct instance of:
#$ObjectType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$NTupleOfIntervals
direct generalization of:
#$ScalarPointValue
#$Dirtiness #$IntervalOnNumberLine
#$JustificationStrength #$FeelingAttribute
#$NegativeScalarInterval #$PhysicalQuantity
#$Interval-UnboundedAbove #$PolitenessOfSpeech
#$Interval-BoundedBelow #$Alertness
#$Interval-UnboundedBelow #$FormalityOfSpeech
#$Interval-BoundedAbove #$NonNegativeScalarInterval
#$TemperamentAttribute #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval
#$MonetaryValue
#$LevelOfDiscomfort #$CompositeScalarInterval
#$NonPositiveScalarInterval
#$ScalarPointValue scalar values
A specialization of #$ScalarInterval.
Each instance of #$ScalarPointValue
is a single quantity, as opposed to a range of quantities.
Instances of #$ScalarPointValue
include all instances of #$RealNumber (q.v.),
as well as physical quantities such as (#$Meter 3) and (#$SecondsDuration 10).
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direct instance of:
#$ObjectType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Interval-Bounded
direct generalization of: #$Cardinal-Mathematical #$RealNumber
#$NoteAboutScalarIntervalMaxAndMin note
about scalar interval max and min
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
If there are two arguments to a #$UnitOfMeasure
function, as in (#$Meter 5 6), the
first number is interpreted as the (inclusive) minimum, and
the second number as the (inclusive) maximum. Thus, (#$Meter 5 6) means
`between 5 and 6 meters long, inclusive'. If only one
argument follows an instance of #$UnitOfMeasure,
as in (#$Meter 3),
it is interpreted as a shorthand for (#$Meter 3 3). In
other words, (#$Meter 3 3) means
`exactly 3 meters'. When a function belonging to #$UnitOfMeasure
is applied to a single argument, the value it returns must
be an instance of #$ScalarPointValue.
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direct instance of:
#$SharedNote #$Individual
#$maxQuantValue max
quant value
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$maxQuantValue
SCALAR POINT) means that the upper limit of the quantity
SCALAR is POINT, an instance of #$ScalarPointValue.
SCALAR is an instance of #$ScalarInterval.
For example, the #$maxQuantValue
for the pay of mail room employees might be (#$DollarsPerHour
6.5); e.g., (#$maxQuantValue
`MailPay' (#$DollarsPerHour
6.5)). Another example: (#$maxQuantValue
(#$Unity 5 10) 10).
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direct instance of:
#$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate
#$StrictlyFunctionalSlot #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate
#$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$intervalBound
#$minQuantValue min
quant value
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$minQuantValue
SCALAR POINT) means that the lower limit of SCALAR is POINT,
an element of #$ScalarPointValue.
SCALAR is an instance of #$ScalarInterval.
For example, the #$minQuantValue
for the pay of mail room employees might be (#$DollarsPerHour
4.5); e.g., (#$minQuantValue
`MailPay' (#$DollarsPerHour
4.5)). Another example: (#$minQuantValue
(#$Unity 5 10) 5).
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direct instance of:
#$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate
#$StrictlyFunctionalSlot #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate
#$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$intervalBound
#$MeasurableScalarIntervalType types
of measurable scalar interval
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType
is a collection of #$ScalarIntervals
which are quantifiable (i.e., they can be assigned a numeric
value). Instances of #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType
include #$RateOfRotation,
#$ConcentrationPerVolume, and #$Time-Quantity.
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direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType
direct generalization of: #$IntegerTypeByRange #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$Time-Quantity times
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each
instance of #$Time-Quantity
is a physical quantity, corresponding to a certain amount of
time , that can be possessed by #$TemporalThings.
The #$Time-Quantity
had by a given thing represents the total amount of time
that the thing exists, occurs over, or endures; see #$duration. Consider a
sentence of the form (#$duration TEMPTHING
TIMEQUANT). If TEMPTHING is a #$SomethingExisting,
the sentence means that TEMPTHING exists for a lifetime that
is TIMEQUANT in duration. If TEMPTHING is an #$Event, the sentence
means that TEMPTHING (fully) transpires over an interval of
time that is TIMEQUANT in duration. If TEMPTHING is itself a
#$TimeInterval
(q.v.), the sentence means that TEMPTHING has a duration of
TIMEQUANT. The standard unit of #$Time-Quantity
in Cyc is #$SecondsDuration
(q.v.); but there are other ways to specify an amount of
time, e.g. with other instances of #$UnitOfMeasure
(such as #$WeeksDuration and #$YearsDuration)
or with instances of #$Time-Quantity
(such as #$LongTime, #$Immediately, and #$AFewDecadesDuration).
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direct instance of:
#$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$NonNegativeScalarInterval #$PhysicalQuantity
#$Distance distances
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each
instance of #$Distance is the
length of a path in space extending from one point to
another. In some contexts, for example in the argument 2
position of #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel, an instance of #$Distance will
include directional information. In these contexts,
instances can take on positive or negative values. In other
contexts, directional information will not matter, and
instances of #$Distance will
only take on non-negative values. See the specialization
#$Distance-Absolute for measures of distance that
necessarily do not include directional information, and thus
are always non-negative. An instance of #$Distance may be
either a fixed interval, such as the height of the
#$WashingtonMonumentInWashingtonDC or the altitude of the
#$DeadSea, or a range, such as #$WithinAudibleDistance (see
#$ScalarInterval
for more explanation). See #$UnitOfDistance
for the units used by Cyc to measure distances.
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direct instance of:
#$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity
direct generalization of: #$Distance-Absolute
#$Mass weight
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Instances
of #$Mass may be
either a fixed interval, such as two kilograms, or a range,
such as a legal load for a certain type of trailer. The more
mass an object has, the greater is the force required to
accelerate it.
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direct instance of:
#$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity
#$Volume volumes
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$ScalarInterval.
Each instance of #$Volume is an
amount of three-dimensional space. Instances of #$Volume may be
either a fixed interval, such as the volume of a five-gallon
aquarium, or a range, such as 'fits in a bread box'.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$NonNegativeScalarInterval #$PhysicalQuantity
#$Area area (amount)
(structured information source) (mathematical concept)
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$ScalarInterval.
Each instance of #$Area is an amount of
two-dimensional space. Instances of #$Area may be either a
fixed interval, such as the area of a rectangle 5 cm x 10
cm, or a range, such as the area of a city lot.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$NonNegativeScalarInterval #$PhysicalQuantity
#$Temperature temperatures
(quantities) (structured information sources)
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each
instance of #$Temperature
is an amount of heat in a particular instance of #$PartiallyTangible.
An instance of #$Temperature
may be either a fixed interval, such as 98.6 degrees
Fahrenheit (cf. #$UnitOfTemperature),
or a range, such as #$HumanHabitableTemperature or #$TooHotToTouch.
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direct instance of:
#$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity
#$ElectricalCharge electrical charges
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each
instance of #$ElectricalCharge
is an amount of net electrical charge (positive or negative)
possessed by a particular instance of #$PartiallyTangible.
Instances of #$ElectricalCharge
may be either a fixed interval, such as the charge on one
electron, or a range, such as a usable charge on a
flashlight battery; see #$ScalarInterval.
Also see #$UnitOfCharge
for the units used by Cyc to measure electrical charges.
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direct instance of:
#$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity
#$MonetaryValue monetary values
A specialization of #$ScalarInterval.
Each instance of this collection is a value by means of
which payments, wealth, capital, assets, etc., are measured.
Each instance of this collection is thus an abstract object,
not to be confused with the physical objects used as legal
tender. For those, see #$Currency,
though it is worth noting that each coin, bill, etc. that is
an instance of #$Currency, is
typically _stably associated with_ some particular instance
of #$MonetaryValue.
Nor is #$MonetaryValue
to be confused with the many and varied social practices
(such as a backed claim for a certain amount of physical
wealth payable by the government on demand), which create
money qua social institution and underpin all financial
transactions. For that, see #$Money-DevisedPractice. Since
instances of #$MonetaryValue
are not pure numbers but quantities of some particular
currency, they are denoted by means of the collection #$UnitOfMoney.
Each instance of this collection is a function which (like
many Cyc functions which are instances of #$UnitOfMeasure)
either takes one argument and returns a fixed amount of
money, e.g. (#$Dollar-Australia 4) or takes two arguments
and returns a range, e.g. (#$Shilling-Uganda 2 2000). Since
currencies may appreciate or depreciate in value over time,
and this information is sometimes relevant, it is possible
to index instances of #$UnitOfMoney
temporally by means of further functions. For example,
((#$USDollarFn 1997) 2) denotes the monetary value of 2 US
dollars in the year 1997. See also #$MoneyTransfer,
#$monetaryValueOfThing, #$cost, #$basicPrice.
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direct instance of:
#$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$Rate rates
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each
instance of #$Rate
is an amount of some property (e.g., distance traveled or
money spent), taken with respect to some unit of time.
Instances of #$Rate
include, for example, the instances of #$Speed (e.g., 55
mph), #$Frequency
(e.g., 55 kHz), and #$MonetaryFlowRate
(e.g., 55 cents per minute). See also #$UnitOfRate,
the collection of functions used to measure rates (e.g., #$DollarsPerYear,
#$MetersPerSecond).
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity
direct generalization of:
#$RateOfRotation
#$Acceleration
#$Speed
#$Power #$Frequency
#$ElectricalCurrentLevel #$MoneyRate #$AngularAccelerationRate
#$Frequency frequencies
(quantities) (structured information sources)
A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance
of #$Frequency
is the number of times something happens during some time
interval. Instances of #$Frequency may
be either single values (see the collection #$ScalarPointValue),
such as 103 kiloHertz, or a range of values, such as
#$Rarely. Note that instances of #$Frequency are
important in the characterization of types of #$WavePropagation.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$Rate
#$Speed speeds
(quantities) (structured information sources)
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance
of #$Speed is a
rate of change in position (of an object, wave front, etc.).
Instances of #$Speed may be either
fixed amounts, such as (#$MilesPerHour
55), or a range, such as #$WalkingSpeed or #$Calm-WindSpeed.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$Rate
#$Acceleration accelerations
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Acceleration is the change in speed of an object
per unit time. It is a measurable physical quantity,
measured in units such as MilesPerHourPerSecond.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$Rate
#$RateOfRotation rates
of rotation
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of scalar rates of rotation.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$Rate
#$AngularAccelerationRate angular
acceleration rates
A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance
of #$AngularAccelerationRate
is a rate at which the rate of rotation (see the collection
#$RateOfRotation)
of some object changes.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$Rate
#$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval magnitudes
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
#$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval,
a specialization of #$ScalarInterval,
is the collection of intervals which represent significant
differences in quantity, for the various types of measurable
properties. The most familiar case is for numbers, in which
orders of magnitudes typically correspond with powers of 10;
thus, in any given numerical quantity, the 100's dominate
the 10's or the units, which are negligible with respect to
the hundreds. Similar scales could be identified for any
measurable property. For example, for #$Time-Quantity,
some intervals which represent orders of magnitude are:
#$AFewSecondsDuration, #$AFewMinutesDuration,
#$AFewHoursDuration, #$AFewDaysDuration,
#$AFewWeeksDuration, etc. Note that orders of magnitude for
the same measurable property may differ between
microtheories; e.g., the orders of magnitude for #$Time-Quantity
in a `GeologicalTimeMt' would be much larger than those
listed above, which are relevant for human perceptions and
activities. Any two attributes which represent amounts of
the same kind of property (e.g., time, distance) and which
are also instances of #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval
will be assumed to differ so substantially in size that the
smaller one (and values associated with it) will be
insignificant compared to the larger interval (and values
associated with it). That is, in general and as a default,
if ORD1 and ORD2 are two different instances of #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval
which are also instances of the same type of #$AttributeValue
(e.g., #$Speed, #$Mass, #$Density), then
one is negligible with respect to the other. To know which
dominates the other, we need additional knowledge about
their relative size, e.g., that ORD2 is a #$followingValue
of (i.e., 'bigger' than) ORD1. See also #$negligibleWRT, #$followingValue.
The predicate #$orderOfMagnitude (q.v.) is used to relate
particular quantities to the appropriate instance of #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval.
For example, two days -- in Cyc, (#$DaysDuration 2)
-- has the #$orderOfMagnitude #$AFewDaysDuration.
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direct instance of:
#$ObjectType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType types
of mutually disjoint collection of temporal objects
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of collections. Any element, X, which
is an instance of #$MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType
is a collection of interval types X1, X2, X3,..., whose
instances are temporallyDisjoint ; that is, each instance of
X1 has no temporal intersection with any instance of X2 or
X3 or...; each instance of X2 has no temporal intersection
with any instance of X1 or X3 or...; etc. For example,
consider DayOfWeekType, whose instances are Monday,
Tuesday,... It is true that (#$isa
#$DayOfWeekType #$MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType),
because no Monday can temporally intersect any Tuesday or
Wednesday or....; no Tuesday can temporally intersect any
Monday or Wednesday or...; etc. Other elements of
MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType include
#$DayOfWeekType, #$CalendarSeasonType,
#$HourOfDayType,
and so on. See also #$TemporallyDisjointTemporalObjectType.
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direct instance of: #$ThirdOrderCollection
direct specialization of: #$SecondOrderCollection
direct generalization of:
#$CyclicalIntervalGroupType
Units Of Measure
#$UnitOfMeasure units
of measure
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
#$UnitOfMeasure
is the collection of all functions which return elements of
#$ScalarInterval
that describe physical quantities such as #$Speed, #$Volume, etc. Those
functions are usually grouped into subsets depending on what
they measure (e.g., #$UnitOfSpeed,#$UnitOfVolume). Functions
which belong to #$UnitOfMeasure
are variable-arity relations that take either one or two
arguments, both of which must be elements of #$SubLRealNumber.
If only one argument is given (e.g. (#$Meter 5)), the
expression stands for a precise quantity (here, 5 meters);
see also #$ScalarPointValue.
If two arguments are given (e.g. (#$Meter 5 10)), the
expression stands for a closed interval and the arguments
are interpreted as the interval's mininum and maximum,
respectively. Following are a few example uses of some
elements of #$UnitOfMeasure
: `10 years': (#$YearsDuration
10) `2 feet': (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure
2) `50 dollars and 2 cents': (#$Dollar-UnitedStates
50.02) `between 1 and 50 pounds per square inch, inclusive':
(#$PoundsPerSquareInch 1 50) `dimensionless quantity between
3 and 4.1, inclusive': (#$Unity 3 4.1).
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direct instance of: #$FunctionCategory
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$VariableArityFunction #$UnreifiableFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction
direct generalization of:
#$UnitOfMoney
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfAcceleration
#$UnitOfVolume
#$UnitOfPressure
#$UnitOfRate #$UnitOfAngularDistance
#$UnitOfConcentration
#$UnitOfTime #$UnitOfFlowRate
#$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfAngularSpeed
#$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate
#$UnitOfCPUCapacity #$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfSpeed
#$CGSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfEnergy
#$FPSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfDistance
#$UnitOfAngularAcceleration
#$UnitOfCapacitance
#$UnitOfComputerResourceCapacity #$UnitOfCharge
#$UnitOfFrequency
#$UnitOfVoltage
#$UnitOfArea #$UnitOfPower
#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix
#$UnitOfCurrent
#$UnitOfMass #$UnitOfTemperature
#$UnitOfBandwidth #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$InterconvertibleUnitType types
of interconvertible unit
A collection of collections and a specialization of
#$FunctionCategory. Each instance IUT of #$InterconvertibleUnitType
is a collection of #$UnitOfMeasure
(q.v.) functions that are interconvertible. That is, each
instance of IUT is a function used to measure quantities in
units that are convertible into units measured by any of the
other functions in IUT. Examples of #$InterconvertibleUnitTypes
include #$UnitOfTime, #$UnitOfDistance
and #$UnitOfComputerStorageCapacity. Thus, #$UnitOfTime
includes the functions #$HoursDuration
and #$MinutesDuration,
and any duration denoted by applying one of these functions
can also be expressed in terms of the other; e.g. (#$HoursDuration
1) equals (#$MinutesDuration
60). Note that not all specializations of #$UnitOfMeasure
constitute interconvertible types. For example, #$UnitOfRate has
both #$TimesPerDay
and #$MilesPerHour
as instances; but the quantities returned by either one of
these functions are not convertible into quantities returned
by the other.
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direct instance of:
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
#$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of: #$FunctionCategory
direct generalization of: #$FundamentalUnitType
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix units
of measure without a prefix
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Please see the #$SharedNote #$NoteForUnitOfMeasureWithPrefixAndNoPrefix.
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direct instance of:
#$ConventionalClassificationType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix unit
of measure with prefix
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Please see the #$SharedNote #$NoteForUnitOfMeasureWithPrefixAndNoPrefix.
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direct instance of:
#$ConventionalClassificationType
#$FunctionCategory
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$NoteForUnitOfMeasureWithPrefixAndNoPrefix note
for unit of measure with prefix and no prefix
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Elements of #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
denote units of measure that don't have a multiplicative
prefix (e.g. `kilo', `micro', `billion'). #$Inch and #$MetersPerSecond
are such elements. On the other hand, elements of #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix
do have multiplicative prefixes; examples include #$CentimetersPerSecond,
(#$Micro #$Gram),
#$KiloWatt, and #$GramsPerMilliliter. We need these
constants in order to prevent references to terms such as
((#$Micro (#$Micro #$Gram) 5) or ((#$Kilo
(#$CentimetersPerSecond)
3.2). If we didn't have these restrictions, equal quantities
would allow for an undesirable level of possible names for a
quantity, e.g. ((#$Micro (#$Kilo #$Gram) 1) would refer
to the same quantity as ((#$Kilo (#$Micro #$Gram) 1) would refer
to the same quantity as (#$Gram .001), etc.
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direct instance of:
#$SharedNote #$Individual
#$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType types
of fundamental numeric scalar interval
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
is a collection of measurable #$ScalarIntervals
that are `fundamental' when contrasted with other types of
#$ScalarIntervals
which are derived from them. Instances of #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
include #$Mass, #$Distance, #$Temperature,
and #$ElectricalCharge.
Cf. #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType.
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direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType
#$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of:
#$PrimitiveScalarIntervalType #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType
#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType types
of derived numeric scalar interval
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType
is a collection of numerically measurable #$ScalarIntervals
whose units are complex (that is, whose units are derived
from some more basic units of measure). Instances include #$Volume, #$Area, and #$Acceleration.
See also the related collection #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType.
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direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType
#$SecondOrderCollection
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$MeasurableScalarIntervalType
direct generalization of:
#$MaterialStrengthType
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure standard
units of measure
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$StandardUnitOfMeasure
is a unit of measure considered to be the #$standardUnit
(q.v.) for the quantifiable property it measures. Instances
of #$StandardUnitOfMeasure
include #$Liter,
#$Meter, #$Kilogram, and #$Volt.
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direct instance of: #$FunctionCategory
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$FPSUnitOfMeasure foot-pound-second
units of measure
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A subcollection of #$UnitOfMeasure.
#$FPSUnitOfMeasure
is the collection of all the measurement functions whose
results use the FPS (i.e., foot-pound-second) system of
measure to describe physical quantities. Examples:
#$Gallon-US, #$SquareMile, #$CubicFtPerSec.
guid: bd5904b6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeBySystem
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$CGSUnitOfMeasure centimeter-gram-second
units of measure
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$CGSUnitOfMeasure
is either one of three basic units of measure - (#$Centi #$Meter), #$Gram, and #$SecondsDuration
- or is derived from one or more of these basic units of
measure. For example, #$CubicCentimeter,
#$Dyne, and #$Barye-UnitOfPressure are all instances of #$CGSUnitOfMeasure,
since they are units of measure derived from (one or more
of) (#$Centi #$Meter), #$Gram, and #$SecondsDuration.
guid: bd589a3d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeBySystem
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure meter-kilogram-second
units of measure
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A subcollection of #$UnitOfMeasure.
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
is the collection of all the measurement functions whose
results use the MKS (i.e., meter-kilogram-second) system of
measure to describe physical quantities. Examples: #$MetersPerSecondPerSecond,
#$Liter, #$MetricTon.
guid: bd5901ca-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeBySystem
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure dimensionless
units of measure
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A subcollection of #$UnitOfMeasure.
#$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure
is the collection of measurement functions whose results are
instances of #$ScalarInterval
which have no dimension; i.e., they are simply numbers,
instances of #$IntervalOnNumberLine.
Examples include #$Percent, #$Unity, #$Per1000.
(#$Percent
50) returns the point-interval, one-half (0.5). (#$Unity 3 4) returns
the interval that is the range of numbers between 3 and 4, inclusive.
guid: bd58842e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FundamentalUnitType
#$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$Unity unity
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
#$Unity
is the standard unit of measure for dimensionless
quantities. Like other instances of #$UnitOfMeasure,
#$Unity is a
variable-arity function whose (one or two) arguments are
instances of #$SubLRealNumber.
Unlike most other instances of #$UnitOfMeasure,
#$Unity
returns a dimensionless quantity, simply a real number
without physical dimensions attached. Thus, the value of (#$Unity .10) is
equal to the point scalar 0.10, which is also the same
quantity as (#$Percent 10).
Both (#$Unity .10)
and 0.10 are legitimate instances of #$RealNumber;
however, only 0.10 is a legitimate instance of #$SubLRealNumber
(q.v.). #$Unity
can be used to return a dimensionless real-number interval
as well as a point value; e.g., (#$Unity 3 4) returns
the interval that is the range of numbers between 3 and 4, inclusive.
guid: bd588471-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Percent percent
An instance of #$EvaluatableFunction.
When applied to a number or a pair of numbers, #$Percent returns
an instance of #$IntervalOnNumberLine.
For example (#$Percent 110)
returns 110% or 1.1.
guid: bd5892ab-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$EvaluatableFunction
#$Individual
#$UnitOfTime unit
of times
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$Time-Quantity;
e.g., (#$YearsDuration
100) returns a time period equal to a century.
guid: bd58f9c5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$FundamentalUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfFrequency units
of frequency
A specialization of #$UnitOfRate,
and the collection of functions used to express how often
something occurs during an interval of time. Each instance
of #$UnitOfFrequency
is a function which returns an instance of #$Frequency when
applied to a real number. For example, (#$MegaHertz
89.5) returns a frequency of 89.5 MHz.
guid: bd58ac89-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfRate units
of rate
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$UnitOfRate is
a function which returns an instance of #$Rate when applied to
a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. This collection includes
any instance of #$UnitOfMeasure
whose #$unitOfMeasureExpansions list includes the factor (-1
#$UnitOfTime).
Notable specializations include #$UnitOfSpeed,
#$UnitOfFrequency,
and #$UnitOfPower.
guid: bd5890ac-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
direct generalization of:
#$UnitOfFrequency
#$UnitOfAngularAcceleration
#$UnitOfAcceleration
#$UnitOfPower
#$UnitOfAngularSpeed
#$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate
#$UnitOfFlowRate
#$UnitOfCPUCapacity #$UnitOfSpeed
#$UnitOfCurrent
#$UnitOfDistance units
of distance
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$UnitOfDistance
is a function which, when applied to a number or pair of
numbers, returns an instance of #$Distance as its
value. Instances of #$UnitOfDistance
include #$Inch and
#$Meter.
guid: bd588ab7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$FundamentalUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfArea units
of area
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$UnitOfArea is
a function which returns an instance of #$Area (q.v.) when
applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance,
(#$SquareMeter 9) is an area of 9 square meters. Instances
of #$UnitOfArea
include #$SquareMile,
#$SquareMeter, and #$SquareInch.
guid: bd58c2c7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfVolume units
of volume
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$Volume.
E.g., (#$Liter 5)
denotes 5 liters.
guid: bd58fd9f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfSpeed units
of speed
A specialization of #$UnitOfRate.
Each instance of #$UnitOfSpeed
is a function which returns an instance of #$Speed (q.v.) when
applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$MilesPerHour
212) is a speed of 212 miles per hour. Instances of #$UnitOfSpeed
include #$MilesPerHour,
#$MetersPerSecond,
and #$Mach-UnitOfSpeed.
guid: bddfadc2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfAcceleration units
of acceleration
A specialization of #$UnitOfRate.
Each instance of #$UnitOfAcceleration
is a function which returns an instance of #$Acceleration
(q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$MetersPerSecondPerSecond
32) is an acceleration of 32 meters per second per second.
guid: bd58eadf-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfMass units
of mass
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$Mass. E.g. (#$Kilogram 5)
denotes 5 kilograms.
guid: bd588a72-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$FundamentalUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfEnergy units
of energy
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$EnergyAsAQuantity. E.g., (#$Joule 5) denotes 5 joules.
guid: bd58dd71-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfPower units
of power
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$Power. E.g., (#$Watt 5) denotes 5 watts.
guid: bd58ea5a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfAngularDistance units
of angular distance
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$AngularDistance. E.g., (#$Radian 5) denotes
5 radians.
guid: bd58ab94-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$FundamentalUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfAngularSpeed units
of angular speed
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$RateOfRotation.
E.g., (#$RadiansPerSecond
5) denotes a change of 5 radians in angular distance per second.
guid: bd58accb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfAngularAcceleration units
of angular acceleration
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$AngularAccelerationRate
(i.e., the rate of change in the #$RateOfRotation).
guid: bd58eb20-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfTemperature units
of temperature
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$Temperature.
E.g., (#$DegreeFahrenheit
451) denotes a #$Temperature
of 451 F.
guid: bd58b17f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FundamentalUnitType
#$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfCharge units
of charge
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$ElectricalCharge.
E.g., (#$Coulomb
3) denotes an electrical charge of 3 coulombs.
guid: bd588a31-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FundamentalUnitType
#$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfVoltage units
of voltage
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$UnitOfVoltage
is a function which returns an instance of #$Voltage (q.v.)
when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$Volt 500) is a
voltage of 500 volts.
guid: bd58ea9c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfCapacitance units
of capacitance
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$UnitOfCapacitance
is a function which returns an instance of
#$ElectricalCapacitance (q.v.) when applied to a real number
(see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$Farad
20) is a capacitance of 20 farads.
guid: bd5888a4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfCurrent units
of current
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$ElectricalCurrentLevel. E.g., (#$Ampere 2) denotes
an instance of #$ElectricalCurrentLevel that would measure
two amps.
guid: bd58a8db-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfMoney units
of money
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$UnitOfMoney
is a function which returns an instance of #$MonetaryValue
(q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$Cent-UnitedStates
2) is 2 U.S. cents. Instances of #$UnitOfMoney
include #$Dollar-UnitedStates,
#$Peso-Mexico, and #$Yen-Japan.
guid: bd5883c5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FundamentalUnitType
#$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate units
of monetary flow rate
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$MonetaryFlowRate
(i.e. transfer of money per unit of time). E.g., (#$DollarsPerHour
10) denotes a #$MonetaryFlowRate
of $10 per hour.
guid: bd589991-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfConcentration units
of concentration
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$UnitOfConcentration
is a function which returns an instance of
#$ConcentrationStrength-Generic (q.v.) when applied to a
real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance,
(#$GramsPerMilliliter 1) is a concentration of 1 gram per
milliliter. Instances of #$UnitOfConcentration
include #$GramsPerMilliliter, #$MilligramsPerMilliliter, and #$MicrogramsPerMilliliter.
guid: bd6754a3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfFlowRate units
of flow rate
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of functions which return elements
of #$FlowRate (i.e.,volume of stuff passing a point per unit
of time). E.g., (#$CubicMeterPerSec 2000) denotes a
#$FlowRate of 2000 cubic meters per second.
guid: bd5899d1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfRate
#$UnitOfPressure units
of pressure
A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure.
Each instance of #$UnitOfPressure
is a function which returns an instance of #$Pressure (q.v.)
when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber)
or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance,
(#$PoundsPerSquareInch 500) is a pressure of 500 pounds per
square inch. Instances of #$UnitOfPressure
include #$Bar-UnitOfPressure, #$Pascal-UnitOfPressure, and #$PoundsPerSquareInch.
guid: bd58c776-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
#$InterconvertibleUnitType
direct specialization of:
#$UnitOfMeasure
#$UnorderedAttributeType unordered
attribute type
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of collections and a specialization of
#$AttributeType.
Each instance ATTTYPE of #$UnorderedAttributeType
is a collection of attributes having the following property:
for any two instances ATT1 and ATT2 of ATTTYPE, neither (#$followingValue
ATT1 ATT2) nor (#$followingValue
ATT2 ATT1) holds. In other words, any two instances of
ATTTYPE are incommensurable with each other. Instances of #$UnorderedAttributeType
include #$GenderOfLivingThing and #$HumanSkinColor.
guid: bd58d593-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType
#$SecondOrderCollection
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$ObjectType
#$VectorInterval relative location
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$NTupleOfIntervals.
Each instance of #$VectorInterval
is an n-tuple of intervals (where n > 1), one of which is a
direction. Like the instances of #$ScalarInterval,
the intervals in an instance of #$VectorInterval
may be point-valued or cover a range of values. The minimal
interval (i.e., point-valued) type of vector interval is
exemplified by a vector such as `10 meters due east'.
Vectors may also cover a range of values; e.g., `at least 10
feet away and in a horizontal direction'; `between ten to
twelve miles NNW'.
guid: bd58ec12-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ObjectType
direct specialization of:
#$NTupleOfIntervals
direct generalization of:
#$UnitVectorInterval
#$Vector-Precise
#$standardUnit standard unit
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The Cyc predicate #$standardUnit
is used to indicate the standard unit for some type of
measurement. (#$standardUnit
TYPE UNIT) means that UNIT is the standard measure for the
kind of measurements in TYPE. Examples: (#$standardUnit
#$UnitOfDistance
#$Meter); (#$standardUnit
#$UnitOfAngularAcceleration
#$RadiansPerSecondPerSecond);
(#$standardUnit
#$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure
#$Unity).
guid: bd588af8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot
#$IntangibleObjectPredicate
#$followingValue following value
The Cyc predicate #$followingValue
is used to represent an ordering of generic attributes. (#$followingValue
VAL1 VAL2) means that VAL2 is a greater value than VAL1 on a
scale that they share. (#$followingValue
VAL1 VAL2) implies (#$greaterThan
VAL2 VAL1). Typically, one uses #$followingValue
when the values VAL1 and VAL2 are elements of
#$GenericQuantity, and they are not grounded in numerically
quantifiable units of measure (see
#$NoteAboutGivingGenericValueFunctionsNumericValues). If
VAL1 and VAL2 do have numerical grounding, a #$followingValue
formula is unnecessary since #$numericallyEqual, #$greaterThanOrEqualTo,
and #$greaterThan,
are automatically computable using arithmetic relations
holding between the minimum and maximum of val1 and val2.
(See #$minQuantValue,
#$maxQuantValue.)
For example, one must use #$followingValue
to state that (#$HighAmountFn #$Glamor) is more glamorous
than (#$LowAmountFn #$Glamor). On the other hand, it is
unnecessary to assert a #$followingValue
relation between (#$MilesPerHour
5) and (#$MilesPerHour
25 60) since #$greaterThan
is arithmetically determinable. See also #$GenericQuantity, #$GenericValueFunction.
guid: bd5892af-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ObjectPredicate
#$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$lessThan
#$colinearValues
Quantity Slots And Measurement
#$QuantitySlot quantity slots
A specialization of #$BinaryPredicate. Each
instance of #$QuantitySlot
is a binary predicate that relates a thing to some quantity.
In many, but not all, cases, the quantity in question will
be a measure of some dimension --- e.g., mass, volume, or
area --- of the thing to which it is related by the #$QuantitySlot.
The second argument place of each #$QuantitySlot
is constrained to instances of #$NumericValue. Instances of
#$QuantitySlot
include #$moneyTransferred,
#$freezingPoint,
#$massOfObject,
and #$areaOfObject.
guid: bd58cd5b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$BinaryAttributePredicate
direct generalization of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot interval
based quantity slots
A specialization of #$QuantitySlot.
Each instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
is a binary predicate used to relate an object to a
measurable quantity (that is, an instance of #$ScalarInterval).
The second argument to an instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
must be an instance of #$ScalarInterval;
consequently, the #$arg2Isa for
each instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
must be a specialization of #$ScalarInterval.
Each instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
has an #$arg2Format
of #$IntervalEntry
(q.v.); consequently, for each #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
PRED, there can be multiple assertions of the form (PRED OBJ
QUANT-1), (PRED OBJ QUANT-2), ..., (PRED OBJ QUANT-n), as
long as the #$ScalarIntervals
QUANT-1, QUANT-2, ..., QUANT-n overlap (see the predicate
#$overlapsIntervals). For example, one could assert both (#$heightOfObject
OBJ (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure
3 4)) and (#$heightOfObject
OBJ (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure
2 6)), since the two intervals in question overlap. However,
one could not assert both (#$heightOfObject
OBJ (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure
3 4)) and (#$heightOfObject
OBJ (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure
6)) in the same context, since these two intervals do not overlap.
guid: bd588162-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$QuantitySlot #$FunctionalSlot
direct generalization of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot
#$derivedFromUnit derived
from unit
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$derivedFromUnit
UNIT1 UNIT2) means that UNIT1 is a multiple of UNIT2. In
general, UNIT2 is a more basic unit than UNIT1. Examples: (#$derivedFromUnit
(#$Milli #$Meter)
#$Meter); (#$derivedFromUnit
(#$Micro #$Gram) #$Gram); (#$derivedFromUnit
#$MilliSecondsDuration #$SecondsDuration).
See also #$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd58fa6d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot
#$IntangibleObjectPredicate
#$obtainedFromUnits obtained
from units
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$obtainedFromUnits
UNIT1 UNIT2) means that UNIT2 is a more fundamental unit
than UNIT1, and UNIT2 is among the component units into
which UNIT1 can be analyzed. For example, for #$MilesPerHour,
one could assert both (#$obtainedFromUnits
#$MilesPerHour
#$HoursDuration)
and (#$obtainedFromUnits
#$MilesPerHour
#$Mile). See also #$unitExpansions,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd589131-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate
#$IntangibleObjectPredicate #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate
#$unitExpansions unit expansions
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The predicate #$unitExpansions
is used to express the relationship between a derived unit
of measurement and the units from which it is derived, e.g.,
miles per second from miles and seconds. (#$unitExpansions
UNIT FACTOR-LIST) means that UNIT is derived from the
factors on the list UNIT-FACTOR, where UNIT-FACTOR is an
instance of #$SubLList.
There are two kinds of items in the UNIT-FACTOR list: (1)
all items except the last are themselves lists that consist
of an instance of #$UnitOfMeasure
followed by an exponent for that unit; (2) the last item is
the constant multiplier. Some examples: (#$unitExpansions
#$MilesPerHour
(((#$Mile 1)(#$HoursDuration -1)) 1), (#$unitExpansions
#$SpeedOfLight (((#$Mile 1)(#$SecondsDuration -1)) 186000)),
(#$unitExpansions
#$MetersPerSecondPerSecond
(((#$Meter 1)(#$SecondsDuration -2)) 1). The first of these
examples is included only because it makes a clear example;
the definition of #$MilesPerHour
in terms of #$Mile and #$HoursDuration
should actually be done with the simpler #$multiplicationUnits
(q.v.). In general, any relationship among units that can be
expressed with #$multiplicationUnits
should be, and #$unitExpansions
should be reserved for those relationships that can't be
expressed with the simpler vocabulary.
guid: bd5899fb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate #$BinaryPredicate
#$unitMultiplicationFactor unit
multiplication factor
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$unitMultiplicationFactor
SMALL-UNITS BIG-UNITS NUM) means that there are NUM
SMALL-UNITS in every BIG-UNITS. In other words, to convert
from a measure in BIG-UNITS to a measure in SMALL-UNITS
multiply by NUM. For example, (#$unitMultiplicationFactor
#$Inch #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure
12) means that one multiplies feet by twelve when converting
from feet to inches. NUM must be greater than or equal to 1.
SMALL-UNITS and BIG-UNITS must be elements of the same #$InterconvertibleUnitType.
See also #$QuantityConversionFn.
guid: bd5900c1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$FunctionalPredicate
#$TernaryPredicate
#$multiplicationUnits multiplication units
(#$multiplicationUnits
UNIT-1 UNIT-2 PROD) means that the value of (#$TimesFn
(UNIT-1 NUM-1) (UNIT-2 NUM-2)) (where each of NUM-1 and
NUM-2 is either a real number or a sequence of two real
numbers) is (PROD NUM-3), where NUM-3 is the product of
NUM-1 and NUM-2. For example, (#$multiplicationUnits
#$Mile #$Mile #$SquareMile).
See also #$UnitOfMeasure, #$TimesFn.
guid: c10c4394-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate
#$IntangibleObjectPredicate #$TernaryPredicate
#$BookkeepingPredicate
#$comparableFluents comparable fluents
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$comparableFluents
OBJ F(X) G(X)) states that the order of magnitude of F(OBJ)
is also the order of magnitude of G(OBJ). Another way of
thinking of it is that F(OBJ) and G(OBJ) are of comparable
orders of magnitude, and neither one is negligible with
respect to the other.
guid: bd58b951-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TernaryPredicate
#$volumeContained volume contained
A predicate used to indicate the total volume
enclosed by a given container. (#$volumeContained
CONT VOL) means that the total available volume of the #$PartiallyTangible
CONT is VOL.
guid: bd5897f0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$forceActingOnObject force
acting on object
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
#$forceActingOnObject
is a predicate relating an instance of #$PartiallyTangible
to any force which changes its direction of travel or the
speed at which it is traveling.
guid: bd58b8b2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$BinaryPredicate
#$forceCapacity force capacity
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The slot describing the capability of an animal to
exert force.
guid: bd58bf41-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$totalDisplacement total displacement
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The accumulated total displacement along the
trajectory at any point in time during the duration of the
moving process
guid: bd58d7ad-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$rateOfRotationOfObject rate
of rotation of object
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
#$rateOfRotationOfObject
relates an instance of #$PartiallyTangible
to the rate of change of its physical component's angular
separation from a reference vector as measured from a point
of origin.
guid: bd590482-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$angularAcceleration angular acceleration
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The rate at which the angle to an object is accelerating
guid: bd58c0b4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$areaOfObject surface
area (measure) (physical attribute describing
predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate)
A #$PhysicalAmountSlot that is a specialization of
#$sizeParameterOfObject (q.v.), this predicate relates a
spatial thing to its two-dimensional size or #$Area (q.v.). (#$areaOfObject
OBJ AREA) means that the two-dimensional size of OBJ is
AREA. OBJ might be, for example, a desk top, a geographical
region, or a cross-section of wire. Of course not every
spatial thing has an area. #$TwoDimensionalGeometricThings
(q.v.) like discs, interiors of squares, and cross sections
have areas; and so do three-dimensional things that have
only two salient dimensions in most contexts, such as
floors, tennis courts, and geograhical regions. For the
representing the areas of the latter sort of thing, consider
using the more specialized predicate #$areaOfRegion.
guid: bd589f18-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$radius radius
(physical attribute describing predicate)
(physical-feature describing predicate) (interval
based quantity slot)
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The radius of an object with a circular shape.
guid: bd58bac9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$circumferenceOfObject circumference
(physical attribute describing predicate)
(physical-feature describing predicate) (interval
based quantity slot)
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The distance around a circular object
guid: bd58a060-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$cost cost
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$cost OBJECT
MONEY) means that the #$TemporalThing
OBJECT has a cost in #$MonetaryValue
of MONEY. Note that this amount can be a discrete quantity
or an interval. This concept is subtly different from (and
considerably more complex than) that of #$basicPrice,
which denotes the amount of money requested for an item
which is for sale. For instance, the price of an
airconditioning unit might be $200 while its #$cost (over a
lifetime of repairs, and to the environment, if it is
environmentally destructive) might be considerably higher.
See also the ternary predicate #$costTo.
guid: bd58d495-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$MeasuringSomething measuring events
A specialization of #$PurposefulPhysicalAction.
Each instance of #$MeasuringSomething
is an event in which an agent uses a physical device to
measure some physical attribute of a tangible object. The
last part of such an event involves the perception (and
perhaps recording) of a result of the measurement (see the
predicate #$measurementResult)
by some instance of #$PerceptualAgent.
See also the function #$MeasurementFn.
guid: bd588524-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$Evaluating #$UsingADevice
#$measurementResult measurement result
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The Cyc predicate #$measurementResult
is used to relate a measuring event to the value that it
results in. (#$measurementResult
MEAS ATT) means that the measuring activity MEAS yielded a
result of ATT, which is a physical quantity. For example, if
the #$measurementResult
of weighing a particular domestic letter is (#$Ounce 2.5), I put
55 cents U.S. postage on it. See also #$MeasurementFn, #$ScalarInterval.
guid: bd5907ee-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
Comparisons
#$NumericComparisonPredicate numeric
comparison predicates
A specialization of #$ComparisonPredicate. The
collection of binary predicates used to compare instances of
#$ScalarInterval
(q.v.) with respect to their numeric or quantitative
properties. Instances include #$greaterThan,
#$greaterThanOrEqualTo,
and #$numericallyEquals.
These are effectively the mathematical relations of
greater-than et al., generalized to hold between scalars of
all sorts, including quantitative intervals as well as point
values (see #$ScalarPointValue).
Generally speaking, a given numeric comparison predicate
holds between two scalars only if they are both instances of
the same #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType (q.v.). See also
#$valuesShareScale and #$colinearValues.
guid: bd588cf9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$ComparisonPredicate #$IntangibleObjectPredicate #$BinaryPredicate
#$greaterThan greater than
A #$NumericComparisonPredicate
that is a generalization of the mathematical greater-than (
> ) relation to #$ScalarIntervals
(q.v.) of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as
well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue).
(#$greaterThan
VALUE1 VALUE2) means that VALUE1 is greater than VALUE2 with
respect to some scale that they are both on. More precisely,
there is some #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType SCALE that
both VALUE1 and VALUE2 are instances of and either (i) SCALE
is a specialization of #$NumericValue (e.g. #$RealNumber) and
the minimum (see #$minQuantValue)
of VALUE1 is greater than the maximum (see #$maxQuantValue)
of VALUE2 or (ii) (#$followingValueOnScale VALUE2 VALUE1
SCALE) holds.
guid: bd5880b2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$EvaluatablePredicate #$NumericComparisonPredicate
#$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate
direct specialization of:
#$greaterThanOrEqualTo
#$greaterThanOrEqualTo greater
than or equal to
A #$NumericComparisonPredicate
that is a generalization of the mathematical greater-than-or
equal-to ( >= ) relation to #$ScalarIntervals
(q.v.) of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as
well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue).
(#$greaterThanOrEqualTo
VALUE1 VALUE2) means that VALUE1 is greater than or equal to
VALUE2 with respect to some scale that they are both on.
More precisely, there is some
#$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType SCALE that both VALUE1
and VALUE2 are instances of and either (i) SCALE is a
specialization of #$NumericValue (e.g. #$RealNumber) and
the minimum (see #$minQuantValue)
of VALUE1 is greater than or equal to the maximum (see #$maxQuantValue)
of VALUE2, (ii) (#$followingValueOnScale VALUE2 VALUE1
SCALE) holds, or (iii) (#$equals VALUE1
VALUE2) holds. See also #$lessThanOrEqualTo.
guid: bd5880af-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate
#$EvaluatablePredicate #$NumericComparisonPredicate
#$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate
#$numericallyEquals numerically equals
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A #$NumericComparisonPredicate
that is a generalization of the mathematical equals ( = )
relation to #$ScalarIntervals
(q.v.) of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as
well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue).
(#$numericallyEquals
VALUE1 VALUE2) means that VALUE1 is equal to VALUE2 with
respect to some scale that they are both on. More precisely,
there is some #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType SCALE that
VALUE1 and VALUE2 are instances of and the minimum (see #$minQuantValue)
of VALUE1 is equal to the minimum of VALUE2 and the maximum
(see #$maxQuantValue)
of VALUE1 is equal to the maximum of VALUE2. Note that #$numericallyEquals
is _not_ a specialization of #$equals (q.v.),
as numeric values of different sorts can be numerically
equivalent without being considered identical (e.g. the #$Integer 1 and the #$RealNumber 1.0).
guid: bd589d90-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$NumericComparisonPredicate
#$EvaluatablePredicate #$EquivalenceRelation
direct specialization of: #$lessThanOrEqualTo #$greaterThanOrEqualTo
#$quantitySubsumes
#$Liter liter
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the standard unit of capacity in the Metric system (and also
in Cyc). See also #$UnitOfVolume,
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd58f44a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfVolume
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Kilometer kilometer
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the 1000-meter unit used within the Metric system to measure
distance. Modern countries using the metric system measure
their roads - and their road races - in kilometers. See also
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd58c161-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix
#$UnitOfDistance
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$Individual
#$Meter meter
An instance of #$UnitOfDistance.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$Meter returns an
instance of #$Distance as its
value. For example, (#$Meter 5) is a
distance of five meters.
guid: bd58d1a7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfDistance
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$TotalDenotationalFunction #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$CubicCentimeter cubic centimeter
An instance of #$UnitOfVolume.
When applied to a number or a pair of numbers, #$CubicCentimeter
returns an instance of #$Volume. For
example, (#$CubicCentimeter
10) is a volume of ten cubic centimeters.
guid: bd58a11c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$CGSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfVolume
#$Individual
#$Kilogram kilogram
An instance of #$UnitOfMass.
When applied to a number or a pair of numbers, #$Kilogram returns
an instance of #$Mass as its value.
For example, (#$Kilogram 6.5)
is a mass of 6.5 kilograms.
guid: bd58b9b0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMass #$Individual
#$Gram gram
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the gram used within the Metric system to measure mass. See
also #$CGSUnitOfMeasure,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd58d6c0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$CGSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMass #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$MegaHertz mega hertz
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the common unit of frequency. See also #$UnitOfFrequency,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd58cce9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfFrequency
#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix
#$Individual
#$Megabyte megabyte
A function (an instance of #$IndividualDenotingFunction
and of #$UnitOfComputerStorageCapacity) used to represent a
common unit of computer memory and disk capacity. Like all
instances of #$UnitOfMeasure,
its #$arity is
variable between one and two. Its arguments must be
instances of #$SubLRealNumber.
If a single instance of #$SubLRealNumber
is put in the argument position to this function, it returns
a precise quantity of megabytes (which is an instance of
#$ComputerMemoryCapacity). If two #$SubLRealNumbers
are put in the argument position, it returns an interval
(which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). Thus,
the value of (#$Megabyte 1) is
one megabyte (approximately one million #$Bytes, each with a
length of 8 #$Bits). The value of (#$Megabyte 1 2)
is between one and two megabytes .
guid: bd58cc65-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnitOfComputerResourceCapacity
#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix
#$Individual
#$Angstrom angstrom
An instance of #$UnitOfDistance.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$Angstrom returns
an instance of #$Distance as its
value. For example, (#$Angstrom 212)
is a length of 212 angstroms. Note that 1 angstrom is
equivalent to 1/10,000,000,000 (i.e., 10^-10) meter.
guid: c100796c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfDistance
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix
#$Individual
#$Inch inch
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the inch used to measure length within the British (FPS)
system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd58a120-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$FPSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfDistance
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure foot
(unit of distance) (unit of measure) (relationship)
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the basic unit of length within the British (FPS) system.
See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd58a0e3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfDistance
#$FPSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$SquareMile square mile
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the square mile used as a unit of measure for area, within
the British (FPS) system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd590423-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfArea
#$FPSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Precision precision
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The collection of attributes that represent levels
of precision needed to perform some activity accurately,
i.e., within a narrow tolerance, whether those bounds be
spatial (as for physical movements), perceptual, or intellectual.
guid: bd58e72e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ScriptPerformanceAttributeType
#$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Pound-UnitOfMass pound
(unit of mass)
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the basic unit of mass in the British (FPS) system.
Technically, the FPS pound is exclusively a unit of force,
analogous to the #$Newton in the MKS system. The usage here
is occasioned primarily by the fact that interconversions
between pounds and kilograms are often used in the
terrestrial frame of reference. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure,
#$UnitOfMeasure, #$Pound-UnitOfForce.
guid: bd590b61-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfMass
#$FPSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Ounce ounce
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The measurement function used in Cyc to represent
the ounce used for measuring weight within the British (FPS)
system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure,
#$UnitOfMeasure.
guid: bd58cb22-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfMass
#$FPSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
Other Unit Of Measure Instances
#$Radian radian
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
This is the basic unit of angular measure. 2*pi
radians make a complete circle.
guid: bd58ac17-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfAngularDistance
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure degree
An instance of #$UnitOfAngularDistance.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure
returns an instance of #$AngularDistance as its value. For
example, (#$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure
360) is an angular distance of 360 degrees.
guid: bd58ab5a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfAngularDistance
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Minute-UnitOfAngularMeasure angular minute
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A unit to measure the size of angles; 60 minutes =
1 degree (#$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure)
guid: bdb98d26-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfAngularDistance
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Second-UnitOfAngularMeasure angular second
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A unit to measure the size of angles. 60 seconds =
1 minute (#$Minute-UnitOfAngularMeasure)
guid: bed7a225-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfAngularDistance
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$DegreeCelsius degree Celsius
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The standard unit of temperature in much of the
world and also in CYC.
guid: bd59001f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfTemperature
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$DegreeFahrenheit degree Fahrenheit
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The unit of measure on the Fahrenheit scale; mainly
used in the USA
guid: bd589d7b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfTemperature
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$DegreeKelvin degree Kelvin
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The unit of measure on the Kelvin or Absolute
temperature scale; mainly used in science; note that the
size of this unit is equal to the size of a #$DegreeCelsius.
guid: bd58b13f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfTemperature
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$TimesPerSecond time
per second
An instance of #$UnitOfFrequency.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$TimesPerSecond
returns an instance of #$Frequency as
its value. For example, (#$TimesPerSecond
45) is a frequency of forty-five times per second.
guid: bd67f24a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfFrequency
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$TimesPerYear time
per year
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A Cyc function, #$TimesPerYear
is a #$UnitOfFrequency.
(#$TimesPerYear
NUMBER) denotes a frequency NUMBER times per year.
guid: bd58d2bb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfFrequency
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$TimesPerDay time
per day
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Times per day -- unit of frequency
guid: bd589f93-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfFrequency
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$TimesPerWeek time
per week
An instance of #$UnitOfFrequency.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$TimesPerWeek
returns an instance of #$Frequency as
its value. For example, (#$TimesPerWeek
3) is a frequency of three times per week.
guid: bd58deb1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfFrequency
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$TimesPerMinute time
per minute
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Times per minute -- unit of frequency
guid: bd58deee-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfFrequency
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$AFewDaysDuration-Coll a
few days
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Duration of 2 to 10 days
guid: 9564c58c-74bc-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of:
#$Collection
direct specialization of:
#$AFewDecadesDuration-Coll a
few decades
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Duration of 2 to 10 decades
guid: 78ad7ae8-74c0-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of:
#$Collection
direct specialization of:
#$AFewHoursDuration-Coll a
few hours
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Duration of 2 to 10 hours
guid: 6856d282-74bd-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of:
#$Collection
direct specialization of:
#$Time-Quantity
#$AFewMinutesDuration-Coll a
few minutes
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Duration of 2 to 10 minutes
guid: 4c781372-74be-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of:
#$Collection
direct specialization of:
#$Time-Quantity
#$AFewMonthsDuration-Coll a
few months
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A few months 2-10
guid: 133031ba-74bb-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of:
#$Collection
direct specialization of:
#$Time-Quantity
#$AFewSecondsDuration-Coll a
few seconds
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Duration of 2 to 30 seconds
guid: 0ed6cc06-74bf-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of:
#$Collection
direct specialization of:
#$AFewWeeksDuration-Coll a
few weeks
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Duration of 2 to 10 weeks
guid: d6fb3874-74bb-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of:
#$Collection
direct specialization of:
#$TimeInterval
#$AFewYearsDuration-Coll a
few years
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Duration of 2 to 10 years
guid: ca556898-74bf-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of:
#$Collection
direct specialization of:
#$Time-Quantity
#$MilesPerHour mile
per hour
An instance of #$UnitOfSpeed.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$MilesPerHour
returns an instance of #$Speed as its value.
For example, (#$MilesPerHour
55) is a speed of 55 miles per hour.
guid: bd590391-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfSpeed
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$KilometersPerHour kph
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$KilometersPerHour
NUMBER) returns a dimensionless rate or speed of NUMBER
kilometers per hour.
guid: bd58fa8b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfSpeed
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$Individual
#$MetersPerSecond meter
per second
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$MetersPerSecond
NUMBER) returns a dimensionless rate or speed of NUMBER
meters per second. Notice that this result is not presently
thought of as incorporating a vector, although it might be
modified to do so at some point in the future if this should
prove appropriate.
guid: bd590189-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfSpeed
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$MetersPerSecondPerSecond meter
per second per second
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The basic measure of acceleration
guid: bd590247-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfAcceleration
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$CentimetersPerSecond centimeter
per second
An instance of #$UnitOfSpeed.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$CentimetersPerSecond
returns an instance of #$Speed as its value.
For example, (#$CentimetersPerSecond
9.8) is a speed of 9.8 centimeters per second.
guid: bd59034e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfSpeed
#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix
#$CGSUnitOfMeasure
#$Individual
#$Mach-UnitOfSpeed mach
- unit of speed
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The speed of sound on earth at sea level. 344.4 m/s
guid: bd5902cb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfSpeed
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$RadiansPerSecond radian
per second
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The basic measure of #$RateOfRotation.
guid: bd590290-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfAngularSpeed
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$RadiansPerSecondPerSecond radian
per second per second
An instance of #$UnitOfAngularAcceleration.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$RadiansPerSecondPerSecond
returns an instance of #$AngularAccelerationRate
as its value. For example (#$RadiansPerSecondPerSecond
60) is an angular acceleration rate of 60 radians per second
per second.
guid: bd589e5f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfAngularAcceleration
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$HorsePower horsepower
An instance of #$UnitOfPower.
When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$HorsePower
returns an instance of #$Power as its value. For example, (#$HorsePower
300) is a power of 300 horsepower. Note that 1 horsepower is
equivalent to 746 watts.
guid: bd58bc33-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfPower
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Volt volt
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The basic unit of electrical potential in the MKS
system. It is defined as one watt per ampere.
guid: bd58eb5d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfVoltage
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Watt watt (unit of
measure) (relationship) (mathematical concept)
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
This is the basic unit of power in the metric
system and the basic #$UnitOfPower
in CYC. It is a newton-meter per second or a joule per second.
guid: bd58ab3c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfPower
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Ohm Ohm
An instance of #$MKSUnitOfMeasure.
#$Ohm is the
standard unit of electrical resistance in the MKS
(meter-kilogram-second) system. One ohm is equivalent to the
resistance of a circuit in which a 1-#$Volt electrical
potential difference produces a 1-#$Coulomb
#$ElectricalCurrentLevel (qq.v).
guid: bee46e87-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$Individual
#$Ampere ampere
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The standard unit of measure of electrical current,
equivalent to a 1-#$Coulomb flow of current, or 1 #$Volt across a
resistance of 1 #$Ohm.
guid: bd589e1b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnitOfCurrent
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
#$Coulomb coulomb
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
This is the basic unit of measure for charge in the
metric system and in CYC.
guid: bd589ea5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MKSUnitOfMeasure
#$StandardUnitOfMeasure
#$UnitOfCharge
#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix
#$Individual
Intervals
#$IntervalMaxFn interval
max fn
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$IntervalMaxFn
SCALAR) returns an interval of the same type as SCALAR whose
maximum value is the maximum value of SCALAR and whose
minimum value is #$MinusInfinity. For example, (#$IntervalMaxFn
(#$Mile 3)) is the same as `the interval from negative
infinity miles to three miles'. [Technical Note: if that
expression were to denote a strictly absolute, as opposed to
a relative-or-absolute, distance, then it would mean `the
interval from 0 miles to 3 miles'.] (#$IntervalMaxFn
(#$Unity 1))
is the same as `the interval from negative infinity to 1',
in other words, `no greater than one'.
guid: c10ae4c2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnaryFunction #$Individual
#$IntervalMinFn interval
min fn
**COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**
**GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$IntervalMinFn
SCALAR) returns an interval of the same type as SCALAR whose
minimum value is the minimum value of SCALAR and whose
maximum value is #$PlusInfinity.
For example, (#$IntervalMinFn
(#$Mile 3)) is the same as `the interval from three miles to
an infinite number of miles', in other words, `at least
three miles'.
guid: bd590c98-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PartialDenotationalFunction
#$UnaryFunction #$Individual
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