codes {base} | R Documentation |
This (generic) function returns a numeric coding of a factor. It can also be used to assign to a factor using the coded form.
codes(x, ...) codes(x) <- value
For an ordered factor, it returns the internal coding (1 for
the lowest group, 2 for the second lowest, etc.).
For an unordered
factor, an alphabetical ordering of the levels is assumed, i.e the
level that is coded 1 is the one whose name is sorted first according
to the prevailing collating sequence. Warning: the sort order
may well depend on the locale, and should not be assumed to be ASCII.
Normally codes
is not the appropriate function to use with an
unordered factor. Use unclass
or
as.numeric
to extract the codes used in the internal
representation of the factor, as these do not assume that the codes
are sorted.
codes(rep(factor(c(20,10)),3)) x <- gl(3,5) codes(x)[3] <- 2 x data(esoph) ( ag <- esoph$alcgp[12:1] ) codes(ag) codes(factor(1:10)) # BEWARE!