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Ferraro, Richard F. Programmer's Guide to the EGA, VGA, and Super VGA Cards. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1995. ISBN 0-201-62490-7
Intel Corporation ³q±`·|¥H PDF ®æ¦¡¦b developer web site ºô¯¸©ñ¥L̪º CPU¡B´¹¤ù²Õ¡B¬ÛÃö¼Ð·Çªº³W®æ®Ñ¤å¥ó¡C
Shanley, Tom. 80486 System Architecture. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1995. ISBN 0-201-40994-1
Shanley, Tom. ISA System Architecture. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1995. ISBN 0-201-40996-8
Shanley, Tom. PCI System Architecture. 4th ed. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1999. ISBN 0-201-30974-2
Van Gilluwe, Frank. The Undocumented PC, 2nd Ed. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1996. ISBN 0-201-47950-8
Messmer, Hans-Peter. The Indispensable PC Hardware Book, 4th Ed. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 2002. ISBN 0-201-59616-4
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