8.6 ÅäÖÃÎļþ

Updated by Joel Dahl.

¡¡¡¡ÅäÖÃÎļþµÄ¸ñʽÊǷdz£¼òµ¥µÄ¡£ ÿһÐж¼°üÀ¨Ò»¸ö¹Ø¼ü´Ê£¬ ÒÔ¼°Ò»¸ö»ò¶à¸ö²ÎÊý¡£ ʵ¼ÊÉÏ£¬ ¾ø´ó¶àÊýÐж¼Ö»°üÀ¨Ò»¸ö²ÎÊý¡£ ÔÚ # Ö®ºóµÄÄÚÈݻᱻÈÏΪÊÇ×¢ÊͶøºöÂÔµô¡£ ½ÓÏÂÀ´¼¸½Ú, ½«ÒÔ GENERIC ÖеÄ˳Ðò½éÉÜËùÓйؼü×Ö¡£ Èç¹ûÐèÒªÓëÆ½Ì¨ÓйصÄÑ¡ÏîºÍÉ豸µÄÏêϸÁÐ±í£¬ Çë²Î¿¼Óë GENERIC ÎļþÔÚͬһ¸öĿ¼ÖеÄÄǸö NOTES£¬ ¶øÆ½Ì¨Î޹صÄÑ¡Ï Ôò¿ÉÒÔÔÚ /usr/src/sys/conf/NOTES ÕÒµ½¡£

¡¡¡¡ÅäÖÃÎļþÖл¹¿ÉÒÔʹÓà include Óï¾ä¡£ Õâ¸öÓï¾äÄܹ»ÔÚÄÚºËÅäÖÃÎļþÖÐÖ±½ÓÒýÓÃÆäËûÅäÖÃÎļþµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬ ʹµÃÄúÄܹ»Ê¹ÓýÏСµÄ¡¢ ½ö°üº¬Ïà¶ÔÓÚÏÖ´æÅäÖõı䶯¶ø¼õÉÙά»¤ËùÐèµÄ¹¤×÷¡£ ÀýÈ磬 Èç¹ûÄúÖ»Ðè¶Ô GENERIC Äں˽øÐÐÉÙÁ¿¶¨ÖÆ£¬ ÔÚÆäÖÐÌí¼Ó¼¸¸öÇý¶¯³ÌÐòºÍ¸½¼ÓÑ¡Ï ÔòֻҪά»¤Ïà¶ÔÓÚ GENERIC µÄ±ä»¯¾Í¿ÉÒÔÁË£º

include GENERIC
ident MYKERNEL

options         IPFIREWALL
options         DUMMYNET
options         IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT
options         IPDIVERT

¡¡¡¡Ðí¶àϵͳ¹ÜÀíÔ±»á·¢ÏÖ£¬ ÕâÖÖ·½·¨ÓëÏÈǰ´ÓÍ·¿ªÊ¼Ð´ÅäÖÃÎļþµÄ·½·¨Ïà±È£¬ ¿ÉÒÔ´ø¿ªÏ൱¶àµÄºÃ´¦£º ±¾µØ²ÉÓõÄÅäÖÃÎļþÖ»±í´ïÓë GENERIC Äں˵IJîÒ죬 ÕâÑù£¬ ÔÚÉý¼¶µÄʱºòÍùÍù¾Í²»ÐèÒª×öÈκθ͝£¬ ¶øÐ¼ÓÈë GENERIC µÄ¹¦Äܾͻá×Ô¶¯¼ÓÈëµ½±¾µØµÄÄںˣ¬ ³ý·ÇʹÓà nooptions »ò nodevice Óï¾ä½«ÆäÅųý¡£ ÕâÒ»ÕÂÓàϵIJ¿·Ö½«×ÅÖØ½éÉܵäÐ͵ÄÅäÖÃÎļþ£¬ ÒÔ¼°ÄÚºËÑ¡ÏîºÍÉ豸µÄ×÷Óá£

×¢Òâ: Èç¹ûÄúÐèÒªÒ»·Ý°üº¬ËùÓÐÑ¡ÏîµÄÎļþ£¬ ÀýÈçÓÃÓÚ²âÊÔÄ¿µÄ£¬ ÔòÓ¦ÒÔ root Éí·ÝÖ´ÐÐÏÂÁÐÃüÁ

# cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf && make LINT

¡¡¡¡ÏÂÃæÊÇÒ»¸ö GENERIC ÄÚºËÅäÖÃÎļþµÄÀý×Ó£¬ Ëü°üÀ¨ÁËһЩÐèÒª½âÊ͵Ä×¢ÊÍ¡£ Õâ¸öÀý×ÓÓ¦¸ÃºÍÄú¸´ÖÆµÄ /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC ·Ç³£½Ó½ü¡£

machine		i386

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇ»úÆ÷µÄ¼Ü¹¹£¬ ËüÖ»ÄÜÊÇ amd64, i386, ia64, pc98, powerpc, »ò sparc64 ÖеÄÒ»ÖÖ¡£

cpu          I486_CPU
cpu          I586_CPU
cpu          I686_CPU

¡¡¡¡ÉÏÃæµÄÑ¡ÏîÖ¸¶¨ÁËÄúϵͳÖÐËùʹÓÃµÄ CPU ÀàÐÍ¡£ Äú¿ÉÒÔʹÓöà¸ö CPU ÀàÐÍ (ÀýÈ磬 Äú²»È·¶¨ÊÇÓ¦¸ÃÖ¸¶¨ I586_CPU »ò I686_CPU)¡£ È»¶ø¶ÔÓÚ¶¨ÖƵÄÄںˣ¬ ×îºÃÄܹ»Ö»Ö¸¶¨ÄúʹÓõÄÄÇÖÖ CPU¡£ Èç¹ûÄú¶ÔÓÚ×Ô¼ºÊ¹ÓÃµÄ CPU ÀàÐÍûÓаÑÎÕ£¬ ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý²é¿´ /var/run/dmesg.boot ÖÐµÄÆô¶¯ÐÅÏ¢À´Á˽⡣

ident          GENERIC

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇÄں˵ÄÃû×Ö¡£ ÄúÓ¦¸Ãȡһ¸ö×Ô¼ºµÄÃû×Ö£¬ ÀýÈçÈ¡Ãû½Ð MYKERNEL£¬ Èç¹ûÄúÒ»Ö±ÔÚ°´ÕÕÇ°ÃæµÄ˵Ã÷×öµÄ»°¡£ Äú·ÅÔÚ ident ºóÃæµÄ×Ö·û´®ÔÚÆô¶¯ÄÚºËʱ»áÏÔʾ³öÀ´£¬ Òò´ËÈç¹ûÏ£ÍûÄܹ»ÈÝÒ×Çø·Ö³£ÓõÄÄں˺͸ոն¨ÖƵÄÄںˣ¬ ¾ÍÓ¦¸Ã²ÉÈ¡²»Í¬µÄÃû×Ö (ÀýÈ磬 ÄúÏë¶¨ÖÆÒ»¸öÊÔÑéÐÔµÄÄÚºË)¡£

#To statically compile in device wiring instead of /boot/device.hints
#hints          "GENERIC.hints"         # Default places to look for devices.

¡¡¡¡device.hints(5) ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´ÅäÖÃÉ豸Çý¶¯Ñ¡Ïî¡£ ÔÚÆô¶¯µÄʱºò loader(8) ½«»á¼ì²éȱʡλÖà /boot/devicehints¡£ ʹÓà hints Ñ¡ÏîÄú¾Í¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÕâЩ hints ¾²Ì¬±àÒë½øÄںˡ£ ÕâÑù¾ÍûÓбØÒªÔÚ /bootÏ´´½¨devicehints¡£

makeoptions     DEBUG=-g          # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols

¡¡¡¡Ò»°ãµÄ FreeBSD Áª±à¹ý³Ì£¬ ÔÚËùÁª±àµÄÄÚºËÖ¸¶¨ÁË -g Ñ¡Ïîʱ£¬ ÓÉÓÚ´ËÑ¡Ï´«µÝ¸ø gcc(1) ±íʾ¼ÓÈëµ÷ÊÔÐÅÏ¢£¬ Òò´Ë»á½«µ÷ÊÔ·ûºÅÒ²°üº¬½øÀ´¡£

options          SCHED_ULE         # ULE scheduler

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇ FreeBSD ÉÏʹÓõÄĬÈÏϵͳµ÷¶ÈÆ÷¡£ Çë±£Áô´ËÑ¡Ïî¡£

options          PREEMPTION         # Enable kernel thread preemption

¡¡¡¡ÔÊÐíÄÚºËÏ̸߳ù¾ÝÓÅÏȼ¶µÄÇÀÕ¼µ÷¶È¡£ ÕâÓÐÖúÓÚ¸ÄÉÆ½»»¥ÐÔ£¬ ²¢¿ÉÒÔÈÃÖжÏÏ̸߳üÔçµØÖ´ÐУ¬ ¶øÎÞÐëµÈ´ý¡£

options          INET              # InterNETworking

¡¡¡¡ÍøÂçÖ§³Ö£¬¼´Ê¹Äú²»´òËãÁ¬Íø£¬Ò²Çë±£ÁôËü£¬´ó²¿·ÖµÄ³ÌÐòÖÁÉÙÐèÒª»Ø»·ÍøÂ磨¾ÍÊǺͱ¾»ú½øÐÐÍøÂçÁ¬½Ó£©£¬ËùÒÔÇ¿ÁÒÒªÇó±£ÁôËü¡£

options          INET6             # IPv6 communications protocols

¡¡¡¡Õ⽫´ò¿ªIPv6Á¬½ÓЭÒé¡£

options          FFS               # Berkeley Fast Filesystem

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇ×î»ù±¾µÄÓ²ÅÌÎļþϵͳ£¬Èç¹û´òËã´Ó±¾µØÓ²ÅÌÆô¶¯£¬Çë±£ÁôËü¡£

options          SOFTUPDATES       # Enable FFS Soft Updates support

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïî»áÆôÓÃÄÚºËÖÐµÄ Soft Updates Ö§³Ö£¬ Ëü»áÏÔÖøµØÌá¸ß´ÅÅ̵ÄдÈëËÙ¶È¡£ ¾¡¹ÜÕâÏÄÜÊÇÓÉÄÚºËÖ±½ÓÌṩµÄ£¬ µ«ÈÔÈ»ÐèÒªÔÚÿ¸ö´ÅÅÌÉÏÆôÓÃËü¡£ Çë¼ì²é mount(8) µÄÊä³ö£¬ ÒÔÁ˽âÄúϵͳÖеĴÅÅÌÉÏÊÇ·ñÒѾ­ÆôÓÃÁË Soft Updates¡£ Èç¹ûûÓп´µ½ soft-updates Ñ¡Ï ÔòÐèҪʹÓà tunefs(8) (¶ÔÓÚôß´æÏµÍ³) »ò newfs(8) (¶ÔÓÚÐÂϵͳ) ÃüÁîÀ´¼¤»îËü¡£

options          UFS_ACL           # Support for access control lists

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏÆôÓÃÄÚºËÖеķÃÎÊ¿ØÖƱíµÄÖ§³Ö¡£ ÕâÒÀÀµÓÚÀ©Õ¹ÊôÐÔÒÔ¼° UFS2£¬ ÒÔ¼°ÔÚ µÚ 14.11 ½Ú ÖÐËù½éÉܵÄÄÇÐ©ÌØÐÔ¡£ ACL ĬÈÏÊÇÆôÓõģ¬ ²¢ÇÒÈç¹ûÒѾ­ÔÚÎļþϵͳÉÏʹÓÃÁËÕâÒ»ÌØÐÔ£¬ ¾Í²»Ó¦ÔٹصôËü£¬ ÒòΪÕâ»áÈ¥µôÎļþµÄ·ÃÎÊ¿ØÖÆ±í£¬ ²¢ÒÔ²»¿ÉÔ¤ÆÚµÄ·½Ê½¸Ä±äÊܱ£»¤µÄÎļþµÄ·ÃÎÊ·½Ê½¡£

options          UFS_DIRHASH       # Improve performance on big directories

¡¡¡¡Í¨¹ýʹÓöîÍâµÄÄڴ棬Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¿ÉÒÔ¼ÓËÙÔÚ´óĿ¼ÉϵĴÅÅ̲Ù×÷¡£ ÄúÓ¦¸ÃÔÚ´óÐÍ·þÎñÆ÷ºÍƵ·±Ê¹ÓõŤ×÷Õ¾ÉÏ´ò¿ªÕâ¸öÑ¡Ï¶øÔÚ´ÅÅ̲Ù×÷²»ÊǺÜÖØÒªµÄ СÐÍϵͳÉϹرÕËü£¬±ÈÈç·À»ðǽ¡£

options          MD_ROOT           # MD is a potential root device

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡Ï´ò¿ªÒÔ»ùÓÚÄÚ´æµÄÐéÄâ´ÅÅÌ×÷Ϊ¸ùÉ豸µÄÖ§³Ö¡£

options          NFSCLIENT         # Network Filesystem Client
options          NFSSERVER         # Network Filesystem Server
options          NFS_ROOT          # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENT

¡¡¡¡ÍøÂçÎļþϵͳ¡£ Èç¹ûÄú²»´òËãͨ¹ý TCP/IP ¹Ò½Ó UNIX® Îļþ·þÎñÆ÷µÄ·ÖÇø£¬ ¾Í¿ÉÒÔ×¢Ê͵ôËü¡£

options          MSDOSFS           # MSDOS Filesystem

¡¡¡¡MS-DOS® Îļþϵͳ¡£ Ö»ÒªÄú²»´òËãÔÚÆô¶¯Ê±¹Ò½ÓÓÉ DOS ¸ñʽ»¯µÄÓ²ÅÌ·ÖÇø£¬ ¾Í¿ÉÒÔ°ÑËü×¢Ê͵ô¡£ ÈçÇ°ÃæËù½éÉܵÄÄÇÑù£¬ ÔÚÄúµÚÒ»´Î¹Ò½Ó DOS ·ÖÇøÊ±£¬ Äں˻á×Ô¶¯¼ÓÔØÐèÒªµÄÄ£¿é¡£ ´ËÍ⣬ emulators/mtools Èí¼þÌṩÁËÒ»¸öºÜ·½±ãµÄ¹¦ÄÜ£¬ ͨ¹ýËüÄú¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó·ÃÎÊ DOS ÈíÅ̶øÎÞÐè¹Ò½Ó»òжÏÂËüÃÇ (¶øÇÒÒ²ÍêÈ«²»ÐèÒª MSDOSFS)¡£

options          CD9660            # ISO 9660 Filesystem

¡¡¡¡ÓÃÓÚ CDROM µÄ ISO 9660 Îļþϵͳ¡£ Èç¹ûûÓÐ CDROM Çý¶¯Æ÷»òºÜÉÙ¹Ò½Ó¹âÅÌÊý¾Ý (ÒòΪÔÚÊ×´ÎʹÓÃÊý¾Ý CD ʱ»á×Ô¶¯¼ÓÔØ)£¬ ¾Í¿ÉÒÔ°ÑËü×¢Ê͵ô¡£ ÒôÀÖ CD ²¢²»ÐèÒªÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¡£

options          PROCFS            # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)

¡¡¡¡½ø³ÌÎļþϵͳ¡£ ÕâÊÇÒ»¸ö¹Ò½ÓÔÚ /proc µÄÒ»¸ö ¡°¼Ù°çµÄ¡± Îļþϵͳ£¬ Æä×÷ÓÃÊÇÔÊÐíÀàËÆ ps(1) ÕâÑùµÄ³ÌÐò¸ø³öÕýÔÚÔËÐеĽø³ÌµÄ½øÒ»²½ÐÅÏ¢¡£ ¶àÊýÇé¿öÏ£¬ ²¢²»ÐèҪʹÓà PROCFS£¬ ÒòΪ¾ø´ó¶àÊýµ÷ÊÔºÍ¼à¿Ø¹¤¾ß£¬ ÒѾ­½øÐÐÁËһϵÁÐÐ޸ģ¬ ʹ֮²»ÔÙÒÀÀµ PROCFS£º ĬÈϰ²×°µÄϵͳÖв¢²»»á¹Ò½ÓÕâÒ»Îļþϵͳ¡£

options          PSEUDOFS          # Pseudo-filesystem framework

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÏ£ÍûʹÓà PROCFS£¬ ¾Í±ØÐë¼ÓÈë PSEUDOFS µÄÖ§³Ö¡£

options          GEOM_PART_GPT     # GUID Partition Tables.

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÌṩÁËÔÚ´ÅÅÌÉÏʹÓôóÁ¿µÄ·ÖÇøµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£

options          COMPAT_43         # Compatible with BSD 4.3 [KEEP THIS!]

¡¡¡¡Ê¹ÏµÍ³¼æÈÝ4.3BSD¡£²»ÒªÈ¥µôÕâÒ»ÐУ¬²»È»ÓÐЩ³ÌÐò½«ÎÞ·¨Õý³£ÔËÐС£

options          COMPAT_FREEBSD4   # Compatible with FreeBSD4

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÏ£ÍûÖ§³ÖÔھɰæ FreeBSD ÉϱàÒëµÄʹÓþÉʽ½Ó¿ÚµÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐò£¬ ¾ÍÐèÒª¼ÓÈëÕâһѡÏî¡£ Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ£¬ ÍÆ¼öÔÚËùÓÐµÄ i386" ϵͳÉÏÆôÓÃÕâ¸öÑ¡Ï ÒòΪÄÑÃâ¿ÉÄÜ»áÓõ½Ò»Ð©¾ÉµÄÓ¦Óã» µ½ 5.X ²Å¿ªÊ¼Ö§³ÖµÄƽ̨£¬ Èç ia64 ºÍ SPARC64®£¬ Ôò²»ÐèÒªÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¡£

options          COMPAT_FREEBSD5   # Compatible with FreeBSD5

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÏ£ÍûÖ§³ÖÔÚ FreeBSD 5.X °æ±¾ÉϱàÒ룬 ÇÒʹÓà FreeBSD 5.X ϵͳµ÷ÓýӿڵÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐò£¬ ÔòÓ¦¼ÓÉÏÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¡£

options          COMPAT_FREEBSD6   # Compatible with FreeBSD6

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÏ£ÍûÖ§³ÖÔÚ FreeBSD 6.X °æ±¾ÉϱàÒ룬 ÇÒʹÓà FreeBSD 6.X ϵͳµ÷ÓýӿڵÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐò£¬ ÔòÓ¦¼ÓÉÏÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¡£

options          COMPAT_FREEBSD7   # Compatible with FreeBSD7

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÏ£ÍûÖ§³ÖÔÚ FreeBSD 8 ÒÔÉϰ汾µÄ²Ù×÷ϵͳÖÐÔËÐÐÔÚ FreeBSD 7.X °æ±¾ÉϱàÒ룬 ÇÒʹÓà FreeBSD 7.X ϵͳµ÷ÓýӿڵÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐò£¬ ÔòÓ¦¼ÓÉÏÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¡£

options          SCSI_DELAY=5000  # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI

¡¡¡¡Õ⽫ÈÃÄÚºËÔÚ̽²âÿ¸ö SCSI É豸֮ǰµÈ´ý 5 Ãë¡£ Èç¹ûÄúÖ»ÓÐ IDE Ó²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷£¬ ¾Í¿ÉÒÔ²»¹ÜËü£¬ ·´Ö®Äú¿ÉÄÜ»áÏ£Íû³¢ÊÔ½µµÍÕâ¸öÊýÖµÒÔ¼ÓËÙÆô¶¯¹ý³Ì¡£ µ±È»£¬ Èç¹ûÄúÕâô×öÖ®ºó FreeBSD ÔÚʶ±ðÄúµÄ SCSI É豸ʱÓöµ½ÎÊÌ⣬ ÔòÄú»¹ÐèÒªÔÙ°ÑËü¸Ä»ØÈ¥¡£

options          KTRACE            # ktrace(1) support

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïî´ò¿ªÄں˽ø³Ì¸ú×Ù£¬ÔÚµ÷ÊÔʱºÜÓÐÓá£

options          SYSVSHM           # SYSV-style shared memory

¡¡¡¡ÌṩSystem V¹²ÏíÄÚ´æ(SHM)µÄÖ§³Ö£¬×î³£Óõ½SHMµÄÓ¦¸ÃÊÇX WindowµÄXSHMÑÓÉ죬 ²»ÉÙ»æÍ¼Ïà¹Ø³ÌÐò»á×Ô¶¯Ê¹ÓÃSHMÀ´Ìṩ¶îÍâµÄËÙ¶È¡£Èç¹ûÄúҪʹÓÃX Window£¬Äú×îºÃ¼ÓÈëÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¡£

options          SYSVMSG           # SYSV-style message queues

¡¡¡¡Ö§³Ö System V ÏûÏ¢¡£ ÕâÖ»»áÔÚÄÚºËÖÐÔö¼ÓÊý°Ù×ֽڵĿռäÕ¼Óá£

options          SYSVSEM           # SYSV-style semaphores

¡¡¡¡Ö§³ÖSystem V ÐźÅÁ¿£¬ ²»³£Óõ½£¬ µ«Ö»ÔÚkernelÖÐÕ¼Óü¸°Ù¸ö×ֽڵĿռ䡣

×¢Òâ: ipcs(1) ÃüÁîµÄ -p Ñ¡Ïî¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾ³öÈκÎÓõ½ÕâЩ System V »úÖÆµÄ½ø³Ì¡£

options 	     _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions

¡¡¡¡ÔÚ 1993 Äê POSIX® Ìí¼ÓµÄʵʱÀ©Õ¹¡£ ÔÚ Ports Collection ÖÐijЩӦÓóÌÐò»áÓõ½ÕâЩ £¨±ÈÈçStarOffice"£©¡£

options          KBD_INSTALL_CDEV  # install a CDEV entry in /dev

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÊÇÔÚ /devϽ¨Á¢¼üÅÌÉ豸½Úµã±ØÐèµÄ¡£

options          ADAPTIVE_GIANT    # Giant mutex is adaptive.

¡¡¡¡ÄÚºËÈ«¾ÖËø (Giant) ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ»¥³â»úÖÆ (ÐÝÃß»¥³âÌå) µÄÃû×Ö£¬ ËüÓÃÓÚ±£»¤Ðí¶àÄÚºË×ÊÔ´¡£ ÏÖÔÚ£¬ ÕâÒѾ­³ÉΪÁËÒ»ÖÖÎÞ·¨½ÓÊܵÄÐÔÄÜÆ¿¾±£¬ ËüÒѾ­±»Ô½À´Ô½¶àµØÊ¹Óñ£»¤µ¥¸ö×ÊÔ´µÄËø´úÌæ¡£ ADAPTIVE_GIANT Ñ¡ÏʹµÃÄÚºËÈ«¾ÖËø×÷ΪһÖÖ×ÔÊÊÓ¦×ÔÐýËø¡£ ÕâÒâζ×Å£¬ µ±ÓÐÏß³ÌÏ£ÍûËø×¡ÄÚºËÈ«¾ÖËø»¥³âÌ壬 µ«»¥³âÌåÒѾ­±»ÁíÒ»¸ö CPU ÉϵÄÏß³ÌËø×¡µÄʱºò£¬ Ëü½«¼ÌÐøÔËÐУ¬ Ö±µ½ÄǸöÏß³ÌÊÍ·ÅËøÎªÖ¹¡£ Ò»°ãÇé¿öÏ£¬ ÁíÒ»¸öÏ߳̽«½øÈëÐÝÃß״̬²¢µÈ´ýÏÂÒ»´Îµ÷¶È¡£ Èç¹ûÄú²»È·¶¨ÊÇ·ñÓ¦¸ÃÕâÑù×öµÄ»°£¬ Ò»°ãÓ¦¸Ã´ò¿ªËü¡£

×¢Òâ: Çë×¢ÒâÔÚ FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE ¼°ÒÔºóµÄ°æ±¾£¬ËùÓеĻ¥³âÌåĬÈ϶¼ÊÇ×ÔÊÊÓ¦µÄ£¬ ³ý·ÇÔÚ±àÒëʱʹÓà NO_ADAPTIVE_MUTEXES Ñ¡Ï Ã÷È·µÄÖ¸¶¨Îª·Ç×ÔÊÊÓ¦¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÄÚºËÈ«¾ÖËø£¨Giant£©Ä¿Ç°Ä¬ÈÏÒ²ÊÇ×ÔÊÊÓ¦µÄ, ¶øÇÒ ADAPTIVE_GIANT Ñ¡ÏîÒѾ­´ÓÄÚºËÅäÖÃÎļþÖÐÒÆ³ö¡£

device          apic               # I/O APIC

¡¡¡¡apic É豸½«ÆôÓÃʹÓà I/O APIC ×÷ΪÖжϷ¢ËÍÉ豸µÄÄÜÁ¦¡£ apic É豸¿ÉÒÔ±» UP ºÍ SMP ÄÚºËʹÓ㬠µ« SMP Äں˱ØÐëʹÓÃËü¡£ ÒªÖ§³Ö¶à´¦ÀíÆ÷£¬ »¹ÐèÒª¼ÓÉÏ options SMP¡£

×¢Òâ: Ö»ÓÐÔÚ i386 ºÍ amd64 ƽ̨ÉϲŴæÔÚ apic É豸£¬ ÔÚÆäËûÓ²¼þƽ̨Éϲ»Ó¦Ê¹ÓÃËü¡£

device          eisa

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÄúµÄÖ÷»ú°åÉÏÓÐEISA×ÜÏߣ¬¼ÓÈëÕâ¸öÉèÖá£Ê¹ÓÃÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯É¨Ãè²¢ÉèÖÃËùÓÐÁ¬½ÓÔÚEISA×ÜÏßÉϵÄÉ豸¡£

device          pci

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÄúµÄÖ÷°åÓÐPCI×ÜÏߣ¬¾Í¼ÓÈëÕâ¸öÑ¡ÏʹÓÃÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯É¨ÃèPCI¿¨£¬²¢ÔÚPCIµ½ISAÖ®¼ä½¨Á¢Í¨Â·¡£

# Floppy drives
device          fdc

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇÈíÇý¿ØÖÆÆ÷¡£

# ATA and ATAPI devices
device          ata

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÇý¶¯Æ÷Ö§³ÖËùÓÐATAºÍATAPIÉ豸¡£ÄúÖ»ÒªÔÚÄÚºËÖмÓÈëdevice ataÑ¡Ï ¾Í¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄÚºËÖ§³ÖÏÖ´ú¼ÆËã»úÉϵÄËùÓÐPCI ATA/ATAPIÉ豸¡£

device          atadisk                 # ATA disk drives

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÊÇʹÓà ATAPI Ó²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷ʱ±ØÐë¼ÓÈëµÄÑ¡Ïî¡£

device          ataraid                 # ATA RAID drives

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÐèÒª device ata£¬ ËüÓÃÓÚ ATA RAID Çý¶¯¡£


device          atapicd                 # ATAPI CDROM drives

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÊÇATAPI CDROMÇý¶¯Æ÷Ëù±ØÐëµÄ¡£

device          atapifd                 # ATAPI floppy drives

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÊÇATAPI ÈíÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷Ëù±ØÐëµÄ¡£

device          atapist                 # ATAPI tape drives

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÊÇATAPI ´Å´ø»úÇý¶¯Æ÷Ëù±ØÐëµÄ.

options         ATA_STATIC_ID           # Static device numbering

¡¡¡¡ÕâÖ¸¶¨¶Ô¿ØÖÆÆ÷ʹÓÃÆä¾²Ì¬µÄ±àºÅ£» Èç¹ûûÓÐÕâ¸öÑ¡Ï Ôò»á¶¯Ì¬µØ·ÖÅäÉ豸µÄ±àºÅ¡£

# SCSI Controllers
device          ahb        # EISA AHA1742 family
device          ahc        # AHA2940 and onboard AIC7xxx devices
options         AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT    # Print register bitfields in debug
                                        # output.  Adds ~128k to driver.
device          ahd        # AHA39320/29320 and onboard AIC79xx devices
options         AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT    # Print register bitfields in debug
                                        # output.  Adds ~215k to driver.
device          amd        # AMD 53C974 (Teckram DC-390(T))
device          isp        # Qlogic family
#device         ispfw      # Firmware for QLogic HBAs- normally a module
device          mpt        # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion
#device         ncr        # NCR/Symbios Logic
device          sym        # NCR/Symbios Logic (newer chipsets + those of `ncr')
device          trm        # Tekram DC395U/UW/F DC315U adapters

device          adv        # Advansys SCSI adapters
device          adw        # Advansys wide SCSI adapters
device          aha        # Adaptec 154x SCSI adapters
device          aic        # Adaptec 15[012]x SCSI adapters, AIC-6[23]60.
device          bt         # Buslogic/Mylex MultiMaster SCSI adapters

device          ncv        # NCR 53C500
device          nsp        # Workbit Ninja SCSI-3
device          stg        # TMC 18C30/18C50

¡¡¡¡SCSI¿ØÖÆÆ÷¡£¿ÉÒÔ×¢Ê͵ôÄúϵͳÖÐûÓеÄÉ豸¡£ Èç¹ûÄúÖ»ÓÐIDEÉ豸£¬Äú¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÕâЩһÆðɾµô¡£ *_REG_PRETTY_PRINT ÕâÑùµÄÅäÖ㬠ÔòÊǶÔÓ¦Çý¶¯³ÌÐòµÄµ÷ÊÔÑ¡Ïî¡£

# SCSI peripherals
device          scbus      # SCSI bus (required for SCSI)
device          ch         # SCSI media changers
device          da         # Direct Access (disks)
device          sa         # Sequential Access (tape etc)
device          cd         # CD
device          pass       # Passthrough device (direct SCSI access)
device          ses        # SCSI Environmental Services (and SAF-TE)

¡¡¡¡SSCSIÍâΧÉ豸¡£Ò²¿ÉÒÔÏñÉÏÃæÒ»Ñù²Ù×÷¡£

×¢Òâ: ĿǰϵͳÌṩµÄ USB umass(4) ÒÔ¼°ÉÙÁ¿ÆäËüÇý¶¯Ê¹ÓÃÁË SCSI ×Óϵͳ£¬ ¾¡¹ÜËüÃDz¢²»ÊÇÕæµÄ SCSI É豸¡£ Òò´Ë£¬ Èç¹ûÔÚÄÚºËÅäÖÃʹÓÃÁËÕâÀàÇý¶¯³ÌÐò£¬ ÇëÎñ±Ø²»ÒªÉ¾³ý SCSI Ö§³Ö¡£

# RAID controllers interfaced to the SCSI subsystem
device          amr        # AMI MegaRAID
device          arcmsr     # Areca SATA II RAID
device          asr        # DPT SmartRAID V, VI and Adaptec SCSI RAID
device          ciss       # Compaq Smart RAID 5*
device          dpt        # DPT Smartcache III, IV - See NOTES for options
device          hptmv      # Highpoint RocketRAID 182x
device          hptrr      # Highpoint RocketRAID 17xx, 22xx, 23xx, 25xx
device          iir        # Intel Integrated RAID
device          ips        # IBM (Adaptec) ServeRAID
device          mly        # Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID
device          twa        # 3ware 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID

# RAID controllers
device          aac        # Adaptec FSA RAID
device          aacp       # SCSI passthrough for aac (requires CAM)
device          ida        # Compaq Smart RAID
device          mfi        # LSI MegaRAID SAS
device          mlx        # Mylex DAC960 family
device          pst        # Promise Supertrak SX6000
device          twe        # 3ware ATA RAID

¡¡¡¡Ö§³ÖRAID¿ØÖÆÆ÷¡£Èç¹ûÄúûÓÐÕâЩ£¬¿ÉÒÔ°ÑËüÃÇ×¢Ê͵ô»òÊÇɾµô¡£

# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
device          atkbdc     # AT keyboard controller

¡¡¡¡¼üÅÌ¿ØÖÆÆ÷£¨atkbdc£©ÌṩAT¼üÅÌÊäÈëÒÔ¼°PS/2Ö¸ÕëÉ豸µÄI/O·þÎñ¡£ ¼üÅÌÇý¶¯³ÌÐò£¨atkbd£©ÓëPS/2Êó±êÇý¶¯³ÌÐò£¨psm£©ÐèÒªÕâ¸ö¿ØÖÆÆ÷£¬ËùÒÔ²»ÒªÉ¾³ýËü¡£

device          atkbd      # AT keyboard

¡¡¡¡atkbdÇý¶¯³ÌÐò£¬Óëatkbdc¿ØÖÆÆ÷Ò»ÆðʹÓ㬠ÌṩÁ¬½Óµ½AT¼üÅÌ¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄAT 84¼üÅÌÓëAT¼ÓÇ¿ÐͼüÅ̵ķÃÎÊ·þÎñ¡£

device          psm        # PS/2 mouse

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÄúµÄÊó±êÁ¬½Óµ½PS/2Êó±ê¶Ë¿Ú£¬¾ÍʹÓÃÕâ¸öÉ豸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£

device          kbdmux        # keyboard multiplexer

¡¡¡¡Õë¶Ô¼üÅ̶à·ѡÔñÆ÷µÄ»ù±¾Ö§³Ö¡£ Èç¹ûÄú²»´òËãʹÓöà¸ö¼üÅÌ£¬ Ôò¿ÉÒÔ·ÅÐĵØÉ¾³ýÕâÒ»ÐС£

device          vga        # VGA video card driver

¡¡¡¡ÏÔ¿¨Çý¶¯¡£

device          splash     # Splash screen and screen saver support

¡¡¡¡Æô¶¯Ê±µÄ splash »­Ã棡 ÆÁÄ»±£»¤³ÌÐòÒ²ÐèÒªÕâһѡÏî¡£

# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
device          sc

¡¡¡¡sc ÊÇĬÈϵĿØÖÆÌ¨Çý¶¯³ÌÐò£¬ ÀàËÆ SCO ¿ØÖÆÌ¨¡£ ÓÉÓÚ¾ø´ó²¿·ÖÈ«ÆÁÄ»³ÌÐò¶¼Í¨¹ýÀàËÆ termcap ÕâÑùµÄÖÕ¶ËÊý¾Ý¿âº¯Êý¿âÀµ·ÃÎÊ¿ØÖÆÌ¨£¬ Òò´ËÎÞÂÛÄúʹÓÃÕâ¸ö»òÓë VT220 ¼æÈÝµÄ vt ¶¼Ã»ÓÐʲô¹ØÏµ¡£ Èç¹ûÄúÔÚÔËÐÐÕâÖÖ¿ØÖÆÌ¨Ê±Ê¹ÓÃÈ«ÆÁÄ»³ÌÐòʱ·¢ÉúÎÊÌ⣬ ÇëÔڵǼ֮ºó½« TERM ±äÁ¿ÉèÖÃΪ scoansi¡£

# Enable this for the pcvt (VT220 compatible) console driver
#device          vt
#options         XSERVER          # support for X server on a vt console
#options         FAT_CURSOR       # start with block cursor

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇÒ»¸ö¼æÈÝ VT220 µÄ¿ØÖÆÌ¨Çý¶¯£¬ ËüͬʱÄܹ»ÏòϼæÈÝ VT100/102¡£ ÔÚͬ sc Ó²¼þ²»¼æÈݵÄһЩ±Ê¼Ç±¾ÉÏËüÄܹ»ÔËÐеĺܺᣠµ±È»£¬ µÇ¼ϵͳʱÇë°Ñ TERM ±äÁ¿ÉèÖÃΪ vt100 »ò vt220¡£ ´ËÇý¶¯ÔÚÁ¬½ÓÍøÂçÉÏ´óÁ¿²»Í¬µÄ»úÆ÷ʱҲ±»Ö¤Ã÷·Ç³£ÓÐÓ㬠ÒòΪ´Ëʱ termcap »ò terminfo ͨ³£Ã»ÓпÉÓÃµÄ sc É豸 ©¤©¤ ¶ø vt100 Ôò¼¸ºõÿÖÖÆ½Ì¨¶¼Ö§³Ö¡£

device          agp

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÄúµÄ»úÆ÷ʹÓà AGP ¿¨£¬ Çë°ÑÉÏÃæÒ»ÐмÓÈëÅäÖᣠÕ⽫ÆôÓà AGP£¬ ÒÔ¼°Ä³Ð©¿¨É쵀 AGP GART Ö§³Ö¡£

# µçÔ´¹ÜÀíÖ§³Ö (²Î¼û NOTES Á˽â¸ü¶àÑ¡Ïî)
#device          apm

¡¡¡¡¸ß¼¶µçÔ´¹ÜÀíÖ§³Ö¡£¶Ô±Ê¼Ç±¾ÓÐÓ㬲»¹ýÔÚ GENERIC ÀïĬÈϽûÓá£

# Ôö¼Ó i8254 µÄ ¹ÒÆð/»Ö¸´ Ö§³Ö¡£
device           pmtimer

¡¡¡¡ÓÃÓÚµçÔ´¹ÜÀíʼþ£¬ ÀýÈç APM ºÍ ACPI µÄʱÖÓÉ豸Çý¶¯¡£

# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support
# PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support
device          cbb               # cardbus (yenta) bridge
device          pccard            # PC Card (16-bit) bus
device          cardbus           # CardBus (32-bit) bus

¡¡¡¡PCMCIAÖ§³Ö¡£Èç¹ûÄúʹÓÃÏ¥ÉÏÐͼÆËã»ú£¬ÄúÐèÒªÕâ¸ö¡£

# Serial (COM) ports
device          sio               # 8250, 16[45]50 based serial ports

¡¡¡¡ÕâЩ´®¿ÚÔÚ MS-DOS/Windows® µÄÊÀ½çÖгÆÎª COM ¿Ú¡£

×¢Òâ: Èç¹ûʹÓÃÄÚÖÃʽµÄµ÷ÖÆ½âµ÷Æ÷£¬ ²¢Õ¼Óà COM4 ¶øÄúÁíÓÐÒ»¸ö´®¿ÚÔÚ COM2£¬ Ôò±ØÐë°Ñµ÷ÖÆ½âµ÷Æ÷µÄ IRQ ¸ÄΪ 2 (ÓÉÓÚ»ÞɬµÄ¼¼ÊõÔ­Òò£¬ IRQ2 = IRQ 9) ²ÅÄܹ»ÔÚ FreeBSD ÖзÃÎÊËü¡£ Èç¹ûÓжà¿ÚµÄ´®¿Ú¿¨£¬ Çë²Î¿¼ sio(4) ÒÔÁ˽âÐèÒªÔÚ /boot/device.hints ÖнøÐеÄÉèÖᣠijЩÏÔ¿¨ (ÌØ±ðÊÇ»ùÓÚ S3 оƬµÄ¿¨) ʹÓÃÐÎÈç 0x*2e8 µÄ IO µØÖ·£¬ ¶øÐí¶àÁ®¼ÛµÄ´®¿Ú¿¨²»Äܹ»ÕýÈ·µØ¶Ô 16-λ IO µØÖ·¿Õ¼ä½øÐнâÂ룬 Òò´ËËüÃÇ»á²úÉú³åÍ»£¬ ²¢Ôì³É COM4 ʵ¼ÊÉÏÎÞ·¨Ê¹Óá£

ÿһ¸ö´®¿Ú¶¼ÐèÒªÓÐÒ»¸öΨһµÄ IRQ (³ý·ÇÄúʹÓÃÖ§³ÖÖжϷÖÏíµÄ´®¿Ú¿¨)£¬ Òò´ËĬÈ쵀 COM3 ºÍ COM4 IRQ ÊDz»ÄÜʹÓõġ£

# Parallel port
device          ppc

¡¡¡¡ISA-bus²¢Ðнӿڡ£

device          ppbus      # Parallel port bus (required)

¡¡¡¡Ìṩ²¢ÐÐ×ÜÏßµÄÖ§³Ö¡£

device          lpt        # Printer

¡¡¡¡Ìṩ²¢¿Ú´òÓ¡»úµÄÖ§³Ö¡£

×¢Òâ: ҪʹÓò¢¿Ú´òÓ¡»ú£¬¾Í±ØÐëͬʱ¼ÓÈëÉÏÃæÈýÐÐÉèÖá£

device          plip       # TCP/IP over parallel

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇÕë¶Ô²¢ÐÐÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚµÄÇý¶¯Æ÷¡£

device          ppi        # Parallel port interface device

¡¡¡¡ÆÕͨÓÃ;µÄI/O (¡°geek port¡±) + IEEE1284 I/O.

#device         vpo        # Requires scbus and da

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇÕë¶ÔIomega ZipÇý¶¯Æ÷µÄ¡£ËüÒªÇóscbusºÍdaµÄÖ§³Ö¡£ ×îºÃµÄÖ´ÐÐЧ¹ûÊǹ¤×÷ÔÚEPP 1.9ģʽ¡£

#device         puc

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÄúÓÐÓÉ puc(4) Ö§³ÖµÄ ¡°ÑÆ¡± ´®Ðлò²¢ÐÐ PCI ¿¨£¬ ÔòӦȥµôÕâÒ»ÐеÄ×¢ÊÍ¡£

# PCI Ethernet NICs.
device          de         # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (¡°Tulip¡±)
device          em         # Intel PRO/1000 adapter Gigabit Ethernet Card
device          ixgb       # Intel PRO/10GbE Ethernet Card
device          txp        # 3Com 3cR990 (¡°Typhoon¡±)
device          vx         # 3Com 3c590, 3c595 (¡°Vortex¡±)

¡¡¡¡¶àÖÖPCIÍø¿¨Çý¶¯Æ÷¡£×¢ÊÍ»òɾ³ýÄúϵͳÖÐûÓеÄÉ豸.

# PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code.
# NOTE: Be sure to keep the 'device miibus' line in order to use these NICs!
device          miibus     # MII bus support

¡¡¡¡MII×ÜÏßÖ§³Ö¶ÔÓÚһЩPCI 10/100 Ethernet NICÀ´ËµÊDZØÐèµÄ¡£

device          bce        # Broadcom BCM5706/BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet
device          bfe        # Broadcom BCM440x 10/100 Ethernet
device          bge        # Broadcom BCM570xx Gigabit Ethernet
device          dc         # DEC/Intel 21143 and various workalikes
device          fxp        # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558)
device          lge        # Level 1 LXT1001 gigabit ethernet
device          msk        # Marvell/SysKonnect Yukon II Gigabit Ethernet
device          nge        # NatSemi DP83820 gigabit ethernet
device          nve        # nVidia nForce MCP on-board Ethernet Networking
device          pcn        # AMD Am79C97x PCI 10/100 (precedence over 'lnc')
device          re         # RealTek 8139C+/8169/8169S/8110S
device          rl         # RealTek 8129/8139
device          sf         # Adaptec AIC-6915 (¡°Starfire¡±)
device          sis        # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900/SiS 7016
device          sk         # SysKonnect SK-984x & SK-982x gigabit Ethernet
device          ste        # Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)
device          stge       # Sundance/Tamarack TC9021 gigabit Ethernet
device          ti         # Alteon Networks Tigon I/II gigabit Ethernet
device          tl         # Texas Instruments ThunderLAN
device          tx         # SMC EtherPower II (83c170 ¡°EPIC¡±)
device          vge        # VIA VT612x gigabit ethernet
device          vr         # VIA Rhine, Rhine II
device          wb         # Winbond W89C840F
device          xl         # 3Com 3c90x (¡°Boomerang¡±, ¡°Cyclone¡±)

¡¡¡¡Ê¹ÓÃMII×ÜÏß¿ØÖÆÆ÷´úÂëµÄÇý¶¯Æ÷¡£

# ISA Ethernet NICs.  pccard NICs included.
device          cs         # Crystal Semiconductor CS89x0 NIC
# 'device ed' requires 'device miibus'
device          ed         # NE[12]000, SMC Ultra, 3c503, DS8390 cards
device          ex         # Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 and Pro/10+
device          ep         # Etherlink III based cards
device          fe         # Fujitsu MB8696x based cards
device          ie         # EtherExpress 8/16, 3C507, StarLAN 10 etc.
device          lnc        # NE2100, NE32-VL Lance Ethernet cards
device          sn         # SMC's 9000 series of Ethernet chips
device          xe         # Xircom pccard Ethernet

# ISA devices that use the old ISA shims
#device         le

¡¡¡¡ISA ÒÔÌ«Íø¿¨Çý¶¯¡£ ²Î¼û /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/NOTES ÒÔÁË½â¹ØÓÚÄĸöÇý¶¯³ÌÐòÄܹ»Çý¶¯ÄúµÄÍø¿¨µÄϸ½Ú¡£

# Wireless NIC cards
device          wlan            # 802.11 support

¡¡¡¡Í¨Óà 802.11 Ö§³Ö¡£ ÕâÐÐÅäÖÃÊÇÎÞÏßÍøÂçËù±ØÐèµÄ¡£

device          wlan_wep        # 802.11 WEP support
device          wlan_ccmp       # 802.11 CCMP support
device          wlan_tkip       # 802.11 TKIP support

¡¡¡¡Õë¶Ô 802.11 É豸µÄ¼ÓÃÜÖ§³Ö¡£ Èç¹ûÏ£ÍûʹÓüÓÃÜºÍ 802.11i °²È«Ð­Ò飬 ¾ÍÐèÒªÕâЩÅäÖÃÐС£

device          an         # Aironet 4500/4800 802.11 wireless NICs.
device          ath             # Atheros pci/cardbus NIC's
device          ath_hal         # Atheros HAL (Hardware Access Layer)
device          ath_rate_sample # SampleRate tx rate control for ath
device          awi        # BayStack 660 and others
device          ral        # Ralink Technology RT2500 wireless NICs.
device          wi         # WaveLAN/Intersil/Symbol 802.11 wireless NICs.
#device         wl         # Older non 802.11 Wavelan wireless NIC.

¡¡¡¡ÓÃÒÔÖ§³Ö¶àÖÖÎÞÏßÍø¿¨¡£

# Pseudo devices
device   loop          # Network loopback

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇ TCP/IP µÄͨÓûػ·É豸¡£ Èç¹ûÄú telnet »ò FTP µ½ localhost (Ò²¾ÍÊÇ 127.0.0.1) Ôò½«Í¨¹ýÕâ¸öÉ豸»Øµ½±¾»ú¡£ Õâ¸öÉ豸ÊÇ ±ØÐèµÄ¡£

device   random        # Entropy device

¡¡¡¡Cryptographically secure random number generator.

device   ether         # Ethernet support

¡¡¡¡ether Ö»ÓÐÔÚʹÓÃÒÔÌ«Íø¿¨Ê±²ÅÐèÒª¡£ Ëü°üº¬ÁËͨÓõÄÒÔÌ«ÍøÐ­Òé´úÂë¡£

device   sl            # Kernel SLIP

¡¡¡¡sl ÓÃÒÔÌṩ SLIP Ö§³Ö¡£ ĿǰËü¼¸ºõÒѾ­ÍêÈ«±» PPP È¡´úÁË£¬ ÒòΪºóÕ߸üÈÝÒ×ÅäÖ㬠¶øÇÒ¸üÊʺϵ÷ÖÆ½âµ÷Æ÷Ö®¼äµÄÁ¬½Ó£¬ ²¢ÌṩÁ˸üÇ¿´óµÄ¹¦ÄÜ¡£

device   ppp           # Kernel PPP

¡¡¡¡ÕâһѡÏîÓÃÒÔÌṩÄں˼¶µÄ PPP Ö§³Ö£¬ ÓÃÓÚ²¦ºÅÁ¬½Ó¡£ Ò²ÓÐÒÔÓû§Ä£Ê½ÔËÐÐµÄ PPP ʵÏÖ£¬ ʹÓà tun ²¢Ìṩ°üÀ¨°´Ð貦ºÅÔÚÄڵĸüΪÁé»îµÄ¹¦ÄÜ¡£

device   tun           # Packet tunnel.

¡¡¡¡Ëü»á±»Óû§Ä£Ê½µÄ PPP Èí¼þÓõ½¡£ ²Î¿¼±¾ÊéµÄ PPP ÒÔÁ˽â¸ü¶àµÄϸ½Ú¡£


device   pty           # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc)

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇÒ»¸ö ¡°pseudo-terminal¡± »òÄ£ÄâµÇÈë¶Ë¿Ú¡£ ËüÓÃÀ´½ÓÊÕÁ¬ÈëµÄ telnet ÒÔ¼° rlogin »á»°¡¢ xterm£¬ ÒÔ¼°Ò»Ð©ÆäËü³ÌÐòÈç Emacs µÈ¡£

device   md            # Memory ¡°disks¡±

¡¡¡¡ÄÚ´æÅÌαÉ豸¡£

device   gif           # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling

¡¡¡¡ËüʵÏÖÁËÔÚ IPv4 É쵀 IPv6 ËíµÀ¡¢ IPv6 É쵀 IPv4 ËíµÀ¡¢ IPv4 É쵀 IPv4 ËíµÀ¡¢ ÒÔ¼°IPv6 É쵀 IPv6ËíµÀ¡£ gif É豸ÊÇ ¡°×Ô¶¯¿Ë¡¡± µÄ£¬ Ëü»á¸ù¾ÝÐèÒª×Ô¶¯´´½¨É豸½Úµã¡£

device   faith         # IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation)

¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öαÉ豸Äܲ¶×½·¢¸øËüµÄÊý¾Ý°ü£¬²¢°ÑËüÃÇת·¢¸ø IPv4/IPv6 ·­Òë·þÎñ³ÌÐò¡£

# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.
device   bpf           # Berkeley packet filter

¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇ Berkeley °ü¹ýÂËÆ÷¡£Õâ¸öαÉ豸ÔÊÐíÍøÂç½Ó¿Ú±»ÖÃÓÚ»ìÔÓģʽ£¬ ´Ó¶ø£¬½Ø»ñ¹ã²¥Íø (ÀýÈ磬ÒÔÌ«Íø) ÉϵÄÿһ¸öÊý¾Ý°ü¡£ ½Ø»ñµÄÊý¾Ý±¨¿ÉÒÔ±£´æµ½´ÅÅÌÉÏ£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔʹÓà tcpdump(1) ³ÌÐòÀ´·ÖÎö¡£

×¢Òâ: bpf(4) É豸Ҳ±»ÓÃÓÚ dhclient(8) À´»ñȡĬÈÏ·ÓÉÆ÷(Íø¹Ø)µÄ IP µØÖ·¡£Èç¹ûʹÓÃDHCP£¬¾Í²»Òª×¢Ê͵ôÕâÐС£

# USB support
device          uhci          # UHCI PCI->USB interface
device          ohci          # OHCI PCI->USB interface
device          ehci          # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0)
device          usb           # USB Bus (required)
#device         udbp          # USB Double Bulk Pipe devices
device          ugen          # Generic
device          uhid          # ¡°Human Interface Devices¡±
device          ukbd          # Keyboard
device          ulpt          # Printer
device          umass         # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da
device          ums           # Mouse
device          ural          # Ralink Technology RT2500USB wireless NICs
device          urio          # Diamond Rio 500 MP3 player
device          uscanner      # Scanners
# USB Ethernet, requires mii
device          aue           # ADMtek USB Ethernet
device          axe           # ASIX Electronics USB Ethernet
device          cdce          # Generic USB over Ethernet
device          cue           # CATC USB Ethernet
device          kue           # Kawasaki LSI USB Ethernet
device          rue           # RealTek RTL8150 USB Ethernet

¡¡¡¡Ö§³Ö¸÷Àà USB É豸¡£

# FireWire support
device          firewire      # FireWire bus code
device          sbp           # SCSI over FireWire (Requires scbus and da)
device          fwe           # Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)

¡¡¡¡Ö§³Ö¸÷Àà»ðÏßÉ豸¡£

¡¡¡¡ÒªÁ˽â FreeBSD ËùÖ§³ÖµÄÉ豸µÄÆäËûÇé¿ö£¬ Çë²Î¿¼ /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/NOTES¡£

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